石油勘探与开发 >

2016 , Vol. 43 >Issue 4: 580 - 589

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2016.04.10

油气勘探

泥页岩自然流体压力缝类型、特征及其作用——以中国东部古近系为例

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  • 1. 中国石油大学（华东）地球科学与技术学院；
    2. 宾夕法尼亚州立大学（帕克分校）地球与矿产科学学院能源矿物系；
    3. 山东省油藏地质重点实验室；
    4. 油气储层重点实验室中国石油大学（华东）研究室
马存飞（1987-）,男,山东泰安人,中国石油大学（华东）在读博士,现从事非常规油气地质和油藏描述方面的研究工作。地址：山东省青岛市黄岛区长江西路66号,中国石油大学（华东）地球科学与技术学院,邮政编码：266580。E-mail: mcf-625@163.com

网络出版日期: 2016-11-02

基金资助

国家科技重大专项项目（2011ZX05009-003）; 国家留学基金项目（201506450031）

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Types, characteristics and effects of natural fluid pressure fractures in shale: A case study of the Paleogene strata in Eastern China

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  • 1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
    2. Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16803, USA;
    3. Reservoir Geology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
    4. Research Laboratory of China University of Petroleum (East China), Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir, Qingdao 266580, China

Online published: 2016-11-02

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摘要

以中国东部渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷东营凹陷、沾化凹陷和苏北盆地古近系富有机质泥页岩为例,对自然流体压力缝类型、特征及其对烃类初次运移的作用开展研究。结果表明,流体超压是自然流体压力缝产生的主要原因。自然流体压力缝有3种类型：早期泄水缝、顺层脉状裂缝和生排烃裂缝。早期泄水缝以其蛇曲形态为典型特征;顺层脉状裂缝中充填纤维状方解石脉,并与有机质共存;干酪根生烃增压形成的生排烃裂缝是富有机质泥页岩幕式排烃的关键。自然流体压力缝、层理缝和构造缝等多种成因的裂缝逐级汇聚形成相互连通的裂缝网络,是烃类重要的初次运移通道和储集空间,在多尺度渗流过程中充当渗流通道,且是实现泥页岩储集层体积压裂的前提。图8参32

关键词： 泥页岩; 自然流体压力缝; 早期泄水缝; 顺层脉状裂缝; 生排烃裂缝; 烃类初次运移; 渤海湾盆地; 苏北盆地

本文引用格式

马存飞, 董春梅, 栾国强, 林承焰, 刘小岑 . 泥页岩自然流体压力缝类型、特征及其作用——以中国东部古近系为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2016 , 43(4) : 580 -589 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2016.04.10

Abstract

Taking the Paleogene organic-rich shales from the Dongying Sag and Zhanhua Sag of Jiyang Depression in Bohai Bay Basin and Northern Jiangsu Basin in Eastern China as examples, this paper researches the types and characteristics of natural fluid pressure fractures and their effects on hydrocarbon primary migration. The study shows that fluid overpressure is the main reason for the formation of natural fluid pressure fractures. The natural fluid pressure fractures include three types, early sluiced fractures, bedding- parallel vein fractures, and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion fractures. Early sluiced fractures have the typical characteristics of snaking morphology, bedding-parallel vein fractures are filled with fibrous calcite vein and coexist with organic matter, and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion fractures generated by hydrocarbon-generating pressurization of kerogen are the key to episodic expulsion of organic-rich shale. Fractures of multiple origins, such as natural fluid pressure fractures, bedding fractures and structural fractures, accumulate gradually, forming interconnected fracture networks which are significant primary migration pathways and reservoir space, act as the seepage channel in the process of multi-scale seepage and are the premise of realizing volume fracturing in shale reservoirs.

Key words： shale; natural fluid pressure fracture; early sluiced fracture; bedding-parallel vein fracture; hydrocarbon generation and expulsion fracture; hydrocarbon primary migration; Bohai Bay Basin; Northern Jiangsu Basin

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