, Volume 32 Issue 3
    

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    石油地质研究
  • Features of hydrocarbon accumulation in three types of foreland basins in China
    SONG Yan; ZHAO Mengjun; LIU Shaobo; QIN Shengfei and HONG Feng
    , 2005, 32(3): 1101-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Three types of foreland basins, overlapped foreland basin (thrust belt), presenile foreland basin and reformed foreland basin (thrust belt), are developed in west China, with different source-reservoir-cap combination, hydrocarbon accumulation time, and reservoir reformation. The overlapped foreland basin is characterized by two source rocks developed in the fault-trough lake basin between the early foreland basin and two-stage foreland basin. And the hydrocarbon was accumulated in multi-stages concentrating in late stage. The source rock in presenile foreland basin is deposited during the basin development and the hydrocarbon is accumulated in early stage. The exploration potential could be controlled by the correlation between thrust belt and hydrocarbon sources and the conservation of the overlying caprock.
  • Distribution of earth stress in Kuche thrust belt, Tarim Basin
    ZENG Lianbo and WANG Guiwen
    , 2005, 32(3): 1102-0.
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    On the basis of geology, logging and acoustic emission (AE) test, the distribution of present earth stress in Kuche thrust belt shows that the direction of the maximum principle stress in Kuche thrust belt is approximately SN. The maximum principle stress determined by initial response curve of acoustic emission test is different from position and depth, and has linear relationship with depth. Compared the test result of stress with Tabei uplift, earth stress in Kuche thrust belt is obviously stronger, and the change ratio along with depth is obviously quicker. Earth stress in mudstone is more sensitive than that in sandstone. Earth stress in thrust belt is in good correlation to mudstone resistivity and acoustic time difference. In-situ stress could be calculated by resistance ratio and acoustic time difference logging.
  • Principles and methodology of structural modeling in foreland basins
    HE Dengfa; YANG Geng; GUAN Shuwei; SHI Xin; ZHANG Chaojun; WANG Guihong and WANG Xiao-bo
    , 2005, 32(3): 1103-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    By integrating the surface geology, remote sensing, drilling，gravitational, magnetic, electric, and seismic data, the surface structures, shallow structures, and deep structures could be combined to provide a most possible structural model which is geometrically compatible, kinematically balanced, and mechanically feasible. The structural model should be built in 4 steps with the axial surface analysis as the basis, the fault-fold geometric analysis as the key, the balanced idea as the guidance and the structural restoration as the fundamental method. With the progression of the exploration activity and the resulting high quality data, the structural models are getting to be modified, to describe more reasonably the characteristics of foreland basin structures, and satisfy more efficiently the needs of hydrocarbon exploration and development.
  • Restoration of Jurassic-Late Cretaceous basin prototype in West Linqing Depression, Bohai Bay Basin
    ZHAO Junqing; XIA Bin; JI Youliang; LIU Baoming and DU Jinhu
    , 2005, 32(3): 1104-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    With the geology, seismic and well log data, the strata erosion thickness, original sedimentary thickness, basin boundary, depositional facies distribution and basin type of Jurassic-Late Cretaceous basin prototype in Linqing Depression is restored and analyzed. The Jurassic formation is fault basin developed within syncline formed during Indo-Chinese movement, which are mainly alternative fluvial and lake deposition with strata erosion thickness of 200-1000m and stable original sedimentary thickness of 1000-1500m. The Lower Cretaceous formation is fault basin with erosion thickness of 1000-2000m and original sedimentary thickness of 2000-4500m. The Upper Cretaceous formation is small fault basin with erosion thickness of 1000-2000m and original sedimentary thickness of 1000-4000m. Lower Cretaceous and Jurassic mainly distribute in Nangong and Qiuxian Sag. The organic matter abundance is low and thermal evolution is high and probably at peak stage of oil generation. The reservoirs are mainly self-generation-accumulation reservoirs and buried hill reservoirs.
  • Carboniferous sequence stratigraphic correlation of Tahe and adjacent areas, Tarim Basin
    ZHU Meiheng; GUO Jianhua; SHI Yuanyuan and ZHAO Yong
    , 2005, 32(3): 1105-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The sequence stratigraphic correlation reveals 6 level-3 sequences in Tahe area, which reflects 6 times of sea-level fluctuation cycle. Combined with the analysis of depositional facies, the sandy-conglomerate member in Tahe area was deposited at the same time with the bioclastic-limestone member in Tazhong and Manxi area. The lithological difference is mainly caused by different depositional facies in the same time.
  • Lithological profile non-linear inversion by reference trace-based lithological identification
    HE Youxiong and YAO Yao
    , 2005, 32(3): 1106-0.
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    Many lithologic sandstone reservoirs have been discovered in BH region, Jianghan Basin, and for which the lithology prediction should be used. The reference trace-based prediction for T5+4 horizon in Well Y5 and Well W51 area of BH region is in agreement with fact of drilling, which shows that the reference trace-based method is sensitive to lithologic variation and sandstone pinchout and thus is suitable for qualitative lithology research of the poststack seismic data. The function between density and porosity is built up. And the method inverses the lithology profiles on base of acoustic impedance, decreasing multiresolution in conventional lithological interpretation when petrophysical parameters overlaid. The new method reveals that the lithology in target horizon of Well Y6 is siltstone and oil-cut shale with mid-high density value and the porosity value of about 16%.
  • Early Cretaceous sublacustrine fan in Wuliyasitai Sag, Erlian Basin
    LIN Liandi; LANG Yan; JIN Hui; LIN Jie; TIAN Jianzhang and WANG Rongzhen
    , 2005, 32(3): 1107-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Sublacustrine fans developed widely, with an area of 800km2 and thickness of 1000-2000m, in Wuliyasitai Sag, Erlian Basin. The systemic core observation reveals 3 types of sublacustrine fans, including gentle slope, abrupt slope and deep water plain, which can be subdivided into 6 subfacies, 7 microfacies , as well as many lithofacies with specific sizes and distributing spaces. The generation of sublaustrine fan is related to dissymmetry catchment basin, typical halfgraben-like depression, standing and strong differential subsidence, warm and moist paleoclimate. The thick main groove sediment in inner fan and braided groove in middle fan are play targets for subtle reservoir.
  • Origin and evolution of the west slope belt in Member 4 of Quantou Formation to Yaojia Formation, South Songliao Basin
    WANG Ying; WANG Yingmin; ZHAO Zhikui; ZHAO Zhanyin; XIN Renchen; DU Jinling and WANG Xiaozhou
    , 2005, 32(3): 1108-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The slope belts developed in large depressed lake basins are similar to continental slopes in marine basins. Two slope belts developed in Member 4 of Quantou Formation to Yaojia Formation in the south Songliao Basin. The control factors of the same slope are different in stages of development. The 2 slopes were controlled by basement rift in early stage of development. In the late stage of development, Taobao-Shuanggang high level slope belt was controlled by the direction of matter source and erosion, but Honggang-Haituozi low level slope belt was controlled by the sediment supply and the differential compaction.
  • Laumonite and its significance for petroleum exploration in Jurassic Shaximiao reservoir, Sichuan Basin
    YANG Xiaoping; ZHANG Bao-min and TAO Shi-zhen
    , 2005, 32(3): 1109-0.
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    Shaximiao Formation sandstone reservoir contains 5%-8% (Max. 18%) laumonite cement. Studies of casting thin sections, SEM, electronic probe and organic inclusion in the reservoir suggest that the laumonite cement was formed mainly in B period of early diagenesis. The acidic igneous grains altered in alkaline formation water, supply Si, Ai, Ca, and caused the laumonite cement in sandstone pores. In A period of late diagenesis, organic matter from Lianggaoshan and Daanzhai Formation source rocks were discarboxylated to organic acid, migrated up along faults or fractures to the channel sand of Shaximiao Formation and eroded the laumonite cement. The laumonite dissolving porosity is generated. Exploration results demonstrate that the hydrocarbon of Jurassic reservoir mainly accumulated in the laumonite dissolved pores.
  • Fracture development in terrestrial glutinite reservoir—taking the Lower Wuerhe Formation reservoirs in 8th district of Karmay Oilfield，NW China, as an example
    SHEN Benke; HU Yongle; TIAN Changbing; XUE Peihua; ZHANG Aiqing; LI Guangchao and XUE Dawei
    , 2005, 32(3): 1110-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Structural fractures and non-structural fractures developed in the low porosity and low permeability massive glutinite reservoir of Lower Wuerhe Formation in 8th district of Karmay Oilfield. The core observation, image logging and thin section examination show that the fractures could be classified into 4 types: micro-fractures, bevel fractures, high angle fractures and map fractures. The fractures developed in the west of the reservoir are mainly low angle fractures with dip angle of 0-40° and azimuth of 170-180° , high angle fractures developed in the east with dip angle of 10-60° and 80-90° , and azimuth of 60-120° and 170-190° . The structural fractures are mainly shearing fractures, and the fracture extension depends on the direction of major pressure in the region. The non-structural fractures are melting fractures around the conglomerate.
  • Geochemical characteristics of the light hydrocarbons in Jianghan Basin, China
    WANG Peirong; ZHANG Dajiang; XIAO Tingrong; SONG Fuqing and CAI Bing
    , 2005, 32(3): 1111-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The light hydrocarbon database established by the Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry(KLPG), CNPC, has accumulated 548 oil sample records, covering almost all the oil areas in China. Based on the database, the light hydrocarbons from the typical salt lake sediment of Jianghan Basin, China, suggest that the oils are characterized by high content of toluene and high (2-MH+2,3-DMP)/(3-MH+2,4-DMP) value. The reason is still unclear. It is supposed that it maybe related with the high-salinity environment. The light hydrocarbons with high toluene contents and abnormal (2-MH+2,3-DMP)/(3-MH+2,4-DMP) value may be used as the geochemistry indicator of the deposition of the source rock.
  • Distribution of oxygenated compounds in oils from the west slope of Songliao Basin
    FENG Zihui; HUANG Chunyan; SUN Yonghong; WANG Xue and SUN Chunlin
    , 2005, 32(3): 1112-0.
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    Normal oil and biodegraded oil are found in the west slope of Songliao Basin. Oxygenated compounds of oil samples with different biodegraded degrees show that the oxygenatedcompounds in acid non-hydrocarbon are mainly normal-mono-carboxylic with peak carbon of C16. The oxygenated compounds in neutral non-hydrocarbons are mainly normal-mono-carboxylic alcohols with stable carbon number of C8 to C19, the content changes under the effect of biodegraded degree with the main peak carbon reducing with the increase of biodegraded degree. Characteristics of non-hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds reflect the migration of oil and the increase of biodegraded degree from east to west.
  • Geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential of the source rocks in Yanchang Formation, Xifeng Oilfield, Ordos Basin, NW China
    MA Suping; QI Yaling; ZHANG Xiaobao; XIA Yanqing; SONG Chengpeng; MA Li-yuan and DUAN Yi
    , 2005, 32(3): 1113-0.
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    The results of Rock-Eval, microscope observation, organic elements and vitrinite ref1ectance analysis of 45 source rock samples from Yanchang Formation, Xifeng Oilfield, Ordos Basin, used for researching the geochemical characteristics and assessing the hydrocarbon potential，suggest that the source rocks in Member 7 and 8 of the Yanchang Formation are relatively rich in organic matter and the medium and good ones account for 94% and 77%, respectively; most of the organic matter in the two members was humic-sapropel; and the source rock thermal evolution developed at a mature stage with favorable conditions for oil generating.
  • Natural gas carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions in Tarim Basin, NW China
    WANG Xiaofeng; LIU Wenhui; XU Yongchang; ZHENG Jianjing; ZHANG Dianwei and NAN Qingyun
    , 2005, 32(3): 1114-0.
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    The natural gas carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions in Tarim Basin show that methane δD in Kuche petroleum system ranges from－185‰ to－156‰ (most ＜－170‰),ethane δD ranges from－139‰ to－113‰. Methane δD in Tazhong and Tadong areas ranges from－168‰ to－151‰. Methane δD in Lunnan areas ranges from－190‰ to －140‰, and ethane δD in Lunan areas ranges from－187‰ to －145‰. Most samples show hydrogen isotopic reverses between methane and ethane. Carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of gases from Well A′ke 1 is very enrich in 13C and D, the value are－23.0‰ and －131‰, respectively, which may be relative to interfusion of deep material.
    • 综合勘探开发技术
  • Application of 3D visualization on sandstone reservoir description in the Chenjiazhuang Area，Jiyang Depression
    ZHUANG Bo and LIU Yuqin
    , 2005, 32(3): 1115-0.
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    In the interpretation of fluvial facies sandstone of Guantao-Minghuazhen Formation, delta sandstone of Dongying Formation, and subaqueous alluvial fan of 4th member of Shahejie Formation in Chenjiazhuang uplift, Jiyang Depression, the 3D visualization technique is applied in structure interpretation, lithology analysis and sedimentary environment interpretation from the processed 3D seismic data. And 11 channels, 15 delta sandstones and 4 subaqueous alluvial fans are described, and the microfacies and sub-facies such as the channels, burst fan, abandon channel, delta-front slumps and alluvial channel are interpreted. The coincidence rate of the interpretation results and the actual drilling data is 91.2%. The interpretation of the subaqueous alluvial fans illuminates that the fans are controlled by the old alluvial channels.
  • Mesozoic igneous reservoir forecast and exploration achievements in Niuxintuo Area, Liaohe Depression
    MU Deliang; LI Cheng and LIU Jinyun
    , 2005, 32(3): 1116-0.
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    The Mesozoic igneous reservoir forecast includes the identification and classification of seismic profiles, and application of special seismic treatment technologies. The application in Niuxintuo Area reveals better forecast results. The combination of drilling, logging information and seismic data could predict the 3-D lava configuration and the reservoir thickness, and provide an effective technology for igneous reservoir exploration. Hydrocarbon reservoir is discovered in the Mesozoic rhyolite by drilling.
  • Application of log rebuilding technique in constrain inversion
    ZHANG Xuefang; DONG Yuechang; SHEN Guoqiang; LI Dong-bo and ZHANG Chun
    , 2005, 32(3): 1117-0.
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    The log rebuilding is a valid technology in improving the seismic inversion result of log constrained inversion for the areas with small velocity differences between the reservoir and the neighboring rock. The log rebuilding of the log constrained inversion and the integrated reservoir description has been made in Chengdao, Shengli Oilfield, and the liability of reservoir description has been improved by adding geological information in the course of inversion.The inversion results,together with geology recognition, actual drilling and logging information, have been used to describe 6 sand bodies and predict 2 sand bodies in main hydrocarbon layers. The drilling and formation testing confirmed its buried depth, thickness and distribution range.
  • Waveform classification seismic facies analysis in sedimentary facies research
    CHEN Fanghong; WANG Shuping and LI Zhizheng
    , 2005, 32(3): 1118-0.
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    Waveform classification mainly adapts to areas with similar stratigraphic thickness and relatively simple structural features. In Jilin, 10-15m sandstone groups can be distinguished by waveform classification. The features of seismic waveform channels can be classified into 6 typical types in No.1 section of Qingshankou Formation in Dalaoyefu region, Jilin area. The seismic microfacies map of 4th sequence of transgressive system tract can be obtained by opening 16ms time window downward from standard layer through fine well section calibration. The shape of delta lope in main construction is very clear, the distributary channels are branched in no-well region to the SW and NE of the work area in the seismic microfacies map, so the distributary river sandbodies can be forecasted in the no-well region which can form lithologic reservoir. Waveform classification can effectively improve prediction precision of sedimentary facies between wells and in no-well region.
  • Attribute analysis and application of cross-well seismic data
    SUI Shuling
    , 2005, 32(3): 1119-0.
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    Cross-well seismic data are expressed as depth domain and 18 attributes associated with depth domain of cross-well seismic data such as S/N ratio have been abstracted mainly taking such characteristic parameters as amplitude, waveform and correlate function, etc. into account. The attributes are normalized with respect to range normalization criterion. Three groups of attributes have been optimally selected from these 18 attributes after being analyzed by R clustering method. The optimized cross-well seismic attributes for thin inter-beds of shale and sandstone have been determined through cross-well seismic data from Ken 71 well-block of Shengli Oilfield.
  • Application of multiple component seismic exploration in Penglai 19-3 Oilfield, Bohai Bay
    TIAN Lixin; XIA Qinglong; LIU Chuncheng; SHEN Zhanghong; MING Jun and ZHOU Donghong
    , 2005, 32(3): 1120-0.
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    To improve the image of gas cloud, the first marine 3D multiple component seismic survey was shot in Bohai Bay. The 3D seismic field work was divided into 64 patches. Two 2D lines parallel to the cable and 19 3D lines perpendicular to the cable were collected within each patch. The indoors seismic processing is divided into two steps: P-wave data is processed to get accurate P-wave velocity and then converted wave data is processed. The principle of converted wave exploration is different from P wave exploration for the converted wave processing is characterized by CCP binning, polarization of horizontal component, rotation of inline and crossline component, static correction, and DMO correction.
  • Reservoir productivity prediction by array induction logging data
    ZHANG Longhai; LIU Guoqiang; ZHOU Cancan and LIU Zongcheng
    , 2005, 32(3): 1121-0.
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    In the exploration stage, it is very difficult to predict the productivity with logging data because necessary information is unavailable, especially in low permeable reservoir with complex pore texture. The percolation performance of the reservoir fluid is studied by influence factors of reservoir productivity, detection properties of array induction and mud filter invasion characteristics, and by researching the washout level of the original reservoir fluid. The determining of characteristics of percolation flow through porous media is proposed by Darcy Law. Field data prove that the percolation parameters have good relations with pore diameter and throat diameter, and high correlativity with productivity of hydrocarbon reservoir (the correlation coefficient is 0.9343). Productivity of a certain reservoir could be predicted in using array induction logging data during petroleum exploration.
  • Non-intrusion line method for fluid identification and its application in low permeability and low resistivity reservoirs
    WANG Yuelian; YUAN Shiyi; SONG Xinmin and ZHANG Zhisong
    , 2005, 32(3): 1122-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The oil reservoirs in Yingtuo Area, Songliao Basin, are fault block reservoirs with low porosity and permeability, causing poor application of conventional petrophysical methods on fluid identification. The novel fluid identification method, "non-intrusion line method", is proposed to solve this problem based upon the petrophysical features of mud intrusion in permeable and impermeable formations. In the cross plot of R 0.5m normal resistivity vs deep induction resistivity, the 45° line is just the non-intrusion line, on which the two resistivities are the same, reflecting the non-permeable formations without mud intrusion. About 205 layers in 58 wells have been processed for the fluid identification, and the coincidence rate is up to 85%.
    • 油田开发与油藏工程
  • Remaining oil enrichment areas in continental waterflooding reservoirs
    LI Yang; WANG Duanping and LIU Jianmin
    , 2005, 32(3): 1123-0.
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    The remaining oil in heterogeneous continental reservoirs at high water-cut stage is generally dispersed with accumulation in certain areas, controlled by reservoir compartmentation. Reservoir compartmentation models caused by fault, interbed and preferential flowing path are put forward, their control on remaining oil accumulation and distribution is expounded and the mechanism of remaining oil accumulation is revealed. Technologies for prediction of low-grade fault, interbed and preferential flowing path are developed, whose application in Shengli Oilfield is effective.
  • Technical and economic limits for the development of high water cut oilfields
    CHANG Yuwen; YUAN Shiyi and QU Debin
    , 2005, 32(3): 1124-0.
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    Determination of the technical and economic limits, development modification and other measurements are related to development efficiency and total economic benefit of the reservoir. The technical and economic strategies for the water-flooding reservoirs in high water cut stage includes geology-development double system evaluation and classification, petroleum cost classification and forecast, the economic limit calculation for oil wells, determination of the economic development periods of oilfields, the calculation of economic recovery reserves and the plate simulation based on the water-flooding characteristic curves. Application researches are carried out, including development evaluation for conglomerate reservoir, variable cost forecast, and economic limits for oil wells, recovery reserves and water cut rising ratio.
  • Storage-percolation modes and production performance of the karst reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield
    CHEN Zhihai; DAI Yong and LANG Zhaoxin
    , 2005, 32(3): 1125-0.
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    The secondary fractures and solution cavities are the main storage spaces and percolation paths of the Lower Ordovician karst reservoir in Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin. Six storage-percolation modes are developed to better understand the producing performance of the reservoirs according to the combination of the fractures and solution cavities. The performance indicates the producers encountered the fracture-cavity reservoir yield high and stable production before water breakthrough but the output will sharply decline after water breakthrough, the producers encountered the cavity-fracture reservoir have a medium production rate before water breakthrough and a relatively low production decline rate after water breakthrough, the producers encountered the fracture-matrix reservoir may contribute little to development of the oilfield.
  • Water fingering feature in low permeability reservoirs
    SONG Fuquan
    , 2005, 32(3): 1126-0.
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    By using the method of piston drive, the water-oil flow performances are studied in low permeability reservoir with threshold pressure gradient, including the drive performance in single zone and the water-oil interface fingering feature in double zone, suggesting that under same injector producer pressure difference, the higher threshold pressure gradient results in higher yield resistance, slower interface movement and lower production rate. The increase of injector producer pressure difference will increase the fluid yield of the producer and decrease the unfavorable effects of the threshold pressure gradient. The threshold pressure gradient increases the interlayer interference, especially when the lower permeability of the two zones is less than 50mD.
  • Mathematical model for condensate gas and fluid flow
    SHI Zhiliang; LI Xiangfang; ZHU Weiyao; SUI Xiuxiang and SHAN Wenwen
    , 2005, 32(3): 1127-0.
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    The effects of phase change between gas and fluid and fluid-solid heat coupling on the flow in condensate reservoir should be taken into consideration to disclose the fluid flow performance during phase change of the reservoir. By introducing the capillary pressure, interfacial resistance, and non-Darcy flow effect caused by phase change, a mathematical model for high velocity multiphase flow in condensate reservoir is set up. Integrating vaporization latent heat and fluid-solid heat coupling, the fluid-solid heat coupling equation is derived. The velocity field and temperature field is calculated with the transmission equation of phase change, the flow performance and process could be described, suggesting that the phase change action has great effect on the flow mechanism of condensate gas. The temperature of the fluid and rock rose and then dropped to below original reservoir temperature, but the rock temperature change displayed a hysteresis. With the interfacial force and capillary pressure accounted, the model predicted a lower gas and higher condensate yield.
  • A new inflow performance equation for the IPR curves with maximum flow rate and its application
    XIE Xingli; ZHU Yuxin; XIA Jing and LI Baozhu
    , 2005, 32(3): 1128-0.
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    The performance data from more waterflooding oilfields exhibit a new IPR curve concaving to the pressure axial and showing a maximum flow rate point. Combining pseudo-stable flow equation with relative flow behavior equation of oil and liquid phases leads to the establishment of a new inflow performance equation that can describe the IPR curve with maximum flow rate point. The equation can be used effectively to analyze and predict production behavior of some water-flooding oilfields and to derive an equation to determine the flowing pressure limit for stabilizing oil recovery rate with increasing liquid recovery rate. The comparison of the calculations with the field measurements verifies that the equation can meet the accuracy requirements in the context of reservoir engineering and can determine the allowable minimum flowing pressure of production well.
  • Three-zone composite well test model of condensate gas reservoir in stress-sensitive sandstone
    WANG Wenhuan
    , 2005, 32(3): 1129-0.
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    Abnormal geopressured deep sandstone reservoirs exhibit stress-sensitive permeability. Well test model based on constant rock permeability can not exactly analyze the transient pressure in the condensate gas reservoirs. In order to supply theoretical model for transient pressure in condensate gas reservoirs with stress-sensitive permeability, 3-zone composite well test model of condensate gas reservoir in stress-sensitive sandstone is presented, in which the wellbore storage and skin are considered, including strong nonlinear equations. A regular perturbation technique is used to solve the nonlinear equations and to obtain the solution of dimensionless pseudo-pressure in Laplace space. The curves of pseudo-pressure function and its derivate indicated that the upwarping feature of the pseudo-pressure derivate curve is not necessarily caused by impermeable boundaries.
  • Monitoring on large channel plugging and flow controlling features of gel drive
    SONG Shemin; WANG Baoxin; GUO Suxin and LI Jinkun
    , 2005, 32(3): 1130-0.
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    After the sandstone reservoir of Menggulin Oilfield, Erlian Basin，entered the super high water cut stage, the injected water mainly dashed forward along the large channels and highly permeable zones, resulting in serious invalid water cycle. The tracer monitoring technology and sealing coring data demonstrated that the large channels, which are classified as big channels, middle channels and small channels according to the water driving velocity, distributed along the drainage line areally and in the bottom of positive rhythm vertically, then the testing layer is selected. With the pressure variation, polymer and Chrome ion monitoring and transient well test, the plugging and flow controlling effects of the gel flooding is evaluated, showing that the gel can control the fluid mobility, plug large channels, improve water flooding efficiency and enhance oil recovery.
  • Effect of wettability alteration on the relative permeability of low-permeability water-wet oil and gas reservoirs
    REN Xiaojuan; LIU Ning; QU Zhihao and ZHANG Ningsheng
    , 2005, 32(3): 1131-0.
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    For studying the effect of wettability alteration on the water relative permeability of water-wet low-permeability reservoirs, LW-1 is developed and used to alter the rock surface from water wet to intermediate or weak oil wet. The experimental results show that the gas relative permeability of cores from low permeability water wet gas reservoirs was improved by 1.06 times through wettability alteration; and the water relative permeability of cores from low permeability water wet oil reservoirs was improved by 2.60 times. It is one of the effective methods to decrease formation damage, enhance water injectivity and improve influx water flowback in reservoir stimulation.
    • 国际交流与合作
  • Differences of net pay estimation between China and SEC
    ZHAO Wenzhi and BI Haibin
    , 2005, 32(3): 1132-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Since PetroChina has got the success of IPO in the New York Stock market, the proved reserves have been estimated by the reserves definition of US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). There is a big difference between reserves results estimated by Chinese regulations and SEC. The net pay is the major parameter that strongly affects the results of reserves estimation and causes the difference between Chinese and SEC estimations. It is believed that there are several reasons resulting in the differences such as net pay definition, identification of net pay in commercial wells, identification of net pay in reserves calculation units, and the relationship between net pay and the reserves classification, etc. It is very helpful and valuable to recognize these differences in reserves estimation and understand the diversity in reserves estimation between China and SEC. Good understanding on these differences might provide a tool for intercommunicating China and western countries in reserves management.
  • Petroleum play analysis of the PetroChina Contract Blocks in the South Sumatra Basin
    XUE Liangqing; YANG Fuzhong; MA Haizhen and WANG Pingzai
    , 2005, 32(3): 1133-0.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    The South Sumatra Basin is a typical back-arc rift basin. The tectonic evolution of the basin underwent four stages as the Middle Eocene-Early Oligocene rifted stage, the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene rifted-sagged transitional stage, the Early-Late Miocene sagged stage and the Early Pliocene to present basin-inverted stage. The Eocene lacustrine mudstones, Oligocene lacustrine mudstones and carbonaceous shales are the source rocks of the South Sumatra Basin, and the Tertiary clastic and carbonate rocks are the reservoir of petroleum system.Based on the structural evolution features, source-reservoir-seal combinations, trap styles and hydrocarbon-accumulation characteristics, the petroleum plays of the South Sumatra Basin can be divided into deep, lower, middle, and upper plays. The discovered petroleum combinations are different in each block of the PetroChina Contract Blocks with potential for disclosing other petroleum plays.
  • Dual variable and objective programming of investment environment for international oil company
    BO Qiliang; ZHANG Yinghong; XUE Liangqing and GUO Xiaozhe
    , 2005, 32(3): 1134-0.
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    The evaluation of policy and economy environment in overseas investment is an important part of global strategy research on multi-country oil company. The decisions include objective programming and investment scale limitation. The two variables of the decision model involve the economic attractiveness and the investment risk. The research stated and applied the concept of idealization profit balance curve to calculate Economic Attractiveness Index, and get Risk Index from orthogonalized analysis of the risk parameters. The investment environments of resource countries are evaluated and ranked based on the matrix of investment environment with the key threshold values of payoff ratio and sunk cost.
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