中东白垩系含高渗透条带碳酸盐岩油藏注水开发技术对策
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李勇(1982-),男,山东淄博人,博士,中国石油勘探开发研究院正高级工程师,主要从事油气田开发相关研究。地址:北京市海淀区学院路20号,中国石油勘探开发研究院院办,邮政编码:100083。E-mail:liyongph@petrochina.com.cn |
Copy editor: 衣英杰
收稿日期: 2025-01-21
修回日期: 2025-09-16
网络出版日期: 2025-10-09
基金资助
中国石油重大科技专项(2023ZZ19-01)
中国石油重大科技专项(2023ZZ19-07)
Waterflooding strategies for Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs with high permeability zones in the Middle East
Received date: 2025-01-21
Revised date: 2025-09-16
Online published: 2025-10-09
基于中东碳酸盐岩油藏注水开发实践,分析不同类型高渗透条带地质特征、水驱特征及水淹规律,提出合理开发技术对策和开发模式。中东碳酸盐岩油藏中发育沉积主控型、沉积成岩耦合型、生物成因型和复合成因型4种高渗透条带,根据其展布样式、渗流机理、水驱特征及水淹模式,建立5种水驱开发模式:①针对复合型高渗条带“斑块状”展布特征,建立逐级加密式直井面积井网开发模式;②对于沉积成岩型高渗条带,针对其中Ⅰ型潮道“网络状”高渗透条带(底部为主要水流优势通道)建立规则直井排状井网开发模式,针对Ⅱ型潮道“网络状”高渗透条带(多期叠合导致“层层叠加”水淹)则建立不规则直井差异化井网开发模式;③针对生物型高渗条带“薄层连片状”分布且注入水易沿“工”字型路径快速突进的特点,建立排状水平井底注顶采开发模式;④针对沉积型高渗条带“厚层连片状”展布且反韵律上部储层“率先水淹”的特征,建立直井边缘注水-水平井采油滚动水驱模式。开发实践表明,制定的水驱开发模式可实现中东地区强非均质碳酸盐岩油藏的高效注水开发,均衡动用相邻储层中的储量,提高油藏采收率。
李勇 , 李峰峰 , 杨超 , 陈家恒 , 陈一航 , 邵磊 , 苏海洋 , 孙亮 . 中东白垩系含高渗透条带碳酸盐岩油藏注水开发技术对策[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2025 , 52(5) : 1131 -1144 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.20250035
Based on the waterflooding development in carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East, this study analyzes the geological characteristics and waterflooding behaviors/patterns of different types of high permeability zones (HPZs), and proposes rational waterflooding strategies and modes. Four types of HPZs, i.e. sedimentation-dominated, sedimentation-diagenesis coupling, biogenic and composite, are identified in the carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East. Based on their distribution patterns, flow mechanisms, and waterflooding behaviors/patterns, five waterflooding modes are established: (1) the mode with stepwise-infilled areal vertical well pattern, for composite HFZs in patchy distribution; (2) the mode with regular row vertical well pattern for Type I channel “network” HFZs (with dominant water flow pathways at the base), and the mode with irregular differentiated vertical well pattern for Type II channel “network” HFZs (where multi-stage superimposition leads to “layered flooding”), for sedimentation-diagenesis coupling HFZs; (3) the mode with row horizontal wells through bottom injection and top production, for biogenic HFZs characterized by thin, contiguous distribution and rapid advancing of injected water along a 工-shaped path; and (4) the mode with progressive waterflooding through edge water injection via vertical well and oil production via horizontal well, for sedimentation-dominated HFZs characterized by thick, contiguous distribution and flood first in upper anti-rhythmic reservoirs. Development practices demonstrate that the proposed waterlooding modes are efficient in the highly heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East, with balanced employment of reserves in the adjacent reservoirs and enhanced oil recovery.
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