松辽盆地古龙页岩油富集机制与常规—非常规油有序分布
张水昌(1961-),男,河南禹州人,博士,中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师,主要从事石油地质与油气地球化学研究。地址:北京市海淀区学院路20号中国石油勘探开发研究院,邮政编码:100083。E-mail: sczhang@petrochina.com.cn |
Copy editor: 魏玮
收稿日期: 2023-04-17
修回日期: 2023-08-01
网络出版日期: 2023-09-22
基金资助
黑龙江省揭榜挂帅项目(2022-JS-1740)
黑龙江省揭榜挂帅项目(2022-JS-1853)
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术研发项目(2021DJ1808)
Gulong shale oil enrichment mechanism and orderly distribution of conventional- unconventional oils in the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin, NE China
Received date: 2023-04-17
Revised date: 2023-08-01
Online published: 2023-09-22
通过对松辽盆地白垩系青山口组黑色页岩有机质富集、生烃和成藏过程研究,揭示古龙页岩油富集机理及常规—非常规油气分布规律。松辽盆地是在早白垩世受西太平洋板块俯冲后撤影响、郯庐断裂带在中国东北地区发生大规模水平位移的背景上形成的一个巨大内陆湖盆。青山口组沉积期间,陆地水文循环强烈,松辽古湖盆湖平面上升,大量营养物输入使浮游菌藻类生物繁盛,间歇性海侵促进水体咸化分层和缺氧环境形成,有利于有机质富集;生物标志化合物分析表明,经微生物改造的浮游菌藻类生源有机质对高生油能力的优质烃源岩形成具有重要作用。松辽盆地古龙凹陷青山口组轻质页岩油层内富集具有4方面有利条件:①中等有机质丰度和高生油潜力为页岩油富集提供了充足的物质基础;②较高的热演化程度使得页岩油具有较高的气油比(GOR)和良好的可动性;③较低的排烃效率导致滞留在源岩中烃类含量高;④高成熟阶段的层内胶结封闭效应导致轻质页岩油高效聚集。成藏过程恢复表明,青山口组烃源岩早期中低成熟阶段生成的液态烃经二次运移后在长垣和斜坡聚集形成优质的常规油藏和致密油藏;后期中高成熟阶段生成的轻质油原地聚集,形成约150×108 t的古龙页岩油资源,最终使盆地内地油气分布呈横向连片、垂向叠加、常规—非常规序次分布的特征,表现为常规油—致密油—页岩油有序聚集的完整“全油气系统”格局。
张水昌 , 张斌 , 王晓梅 , 冯子辉 , 何坤 , 王华建 , 付秀丽 , 柳宇柯 , 杨春龙 . 松辽盆地古龙页岩油富集机制与常规—非常规油有序分布[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2023 , 50(5) : 911 -923 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.20230204
Through the study of organic matter enrichment, hydrocarbon generation and accumulation process of black shale of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin, the enrichment mechanism of Gulong shale oil and the distribution of conventional-unconventional oil are revealed. The Songliao Basin is a huge interior lake basin formed in the Early Cretaceous under the control of the subduction and retreat of the western Pacific plate and the massive horizontal displacement of the Tanlu Fault Zone in Northeast China. During the deposition of the Qingshankou Formation, strong terrestrial hydrological cycle led to the lake level rise of the ancient Songliao Basin and the input of a large amount of nutrients, resulting in planktonic bacteria and algae flourish. Intermittent seawater intrusion events promoted the formation of salinization stratification and anoxic environment in the lake, which were beneficial to the enrichment of organic matters. Biomarkers analysis confirms that the biogenic organic matter of planktonic bacteria and algae modified by microorganisms plays an important role in the formation of high-quality source rocks with high oil generation capability. There are four favorable conditions for the enrichment of light shale oil in the Qingshankou Formation of the Gulong Sag, Songliao Basin: the moderate organic matter abundance and high oil potential provide sufficient material basis for oil enrichment; high degree of thermal evolution makes shale oil have high GOR and good mobility; low hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency leads to a high content of retained hydrocarbons in the source rock; and the confinement effect of intra-layer cement in the high maturity stage induces the efficient accumulation of light shale oil. The restoration of hydrocarbon accumulation process suggests that liquid hydrocarbons generated in the early (low-medium maturity) stage of the Qingshankou Formation source rocks accumulated in placanticline and slope after long-distance secondary migration, forming high-quality conventional and tight oil reservoirs. Light oil generated in the late (medium-high maturity) stage accumulated in situ, forming about 15 billion tons of Gulong shale oil resources, which finally enabled the orderly distribution of conventional-unconventional oils that are contiguous horizontally and superposed vertically within the basin, showing a complete pattern of “whole petroleum system” with conventional oil, tight oil and shale oil in sequence.
感谢大庆油田院士工作站、大庆油田勘探开发研究院等在本文研究和现场取样过程中提供的指导和帮助!
[1] |
|
[2] |
邹才能, 杨智, 崔景伟, 等. 页岩油形成机制、地质特征及发展对策[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2013, 40(1): 14-26.
|
[3] |
金之钧, 朱如凯, 梁新平, 等. 当前陆相页岩油勘探开发值得关注的几个问题[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021, 48(6): 1276-1287.
|
[4] |
胡素云, 白斌, 陶士振, 等. 中国陆相中高成熟度页岩油非均质地质条件与差异富集特征[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2022, 49(2): 224-237.
|
[5] |
赵文智, 朱如凯, 胡素云, 等. 陆相富有机质页岩与泥岩的成藏差异及其在页岩油评价中的意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020, 47(6): 1079-1089.
|
[6] |
胡素云, 赵文智, 侯连华, 等. 中国陆相页岩油发展潜力与技术对策[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020, 47(4): 819-828.
|
[7] |
孙龙德. 古龙页岩油(代序)[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2020, 39(3): 1-7.
|
[8] |
何文渊, 蒙启安, 张金友. 松辽盆地古龙页岩油富集主控因素及分类评价[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2021, 40(5): 1-12.
|
[9] |
崔宝文, 张顺, 付秀丽, 等. 松辽盆地古龙页岩有机层序地层划分及影响因素[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2021, 40(5): 13-28.
|
[10] |
朱国文, 王小军, 张金友, 等. 松辽盆地陆相页岩油富集条件及勘探开发有利区[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(1): 110-124.
|
[11] |
孙龙德, 刘合, 何文渊, 等. 大庆古龙页岩油重大科学问题与研究路径探析[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021, 48(3): 453-463.
|
[12] |
|
[13] |
朱日祥, 徐义刚. 西太平洋板块俯冲与华北克拉通破坏[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2019, 49(9): 1346-1356.
|
[14] |
|
[15] |
|
[16] |
|
[17] |
|
[18] |
|
[19] |
|
[20] |
冯子辉, 方伟, 李振广, 等. 松辽盆地陆相大规模优质烃源岩沉积环境的地球化学标志[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2011, 41(9): 1253-1267.
|
[21] |
|
[22] |
吕丹, 王华建, 李罡, 等. 松辽盆地青山口组页岩沉积水体环境演变的古生物学证据[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(4): 857-868.
|
[23] |
|
[24] |
|
[25] |
|
[26] |
|
[27] |
|
[28] |
|
[29] |
|
[30] |
|
[31] |
|
[32] |
何文渊, 蒙启安, 冯子辉, 等. 松辽盆地古龙页岩油原位成藏理论认识及勘探开发实践[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(1): 1-14.
|
[33] |
邹才能, 杨智, 王红岩, 等. “进源找油”: 论四川盆地非常规陆相大型页岩油气田[J]. 地质学报, 2019, 93(7): 1551-1562.
|
[34] |
何坤, 张水昌, 王晓梅, 等. 松辽盆地白垩系湖相Ⅰ型有机质生烃动力学[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2014, 35(1): 42-49.
|
[35] |
刘洋, 何坤, 李贤庆, 等. 湖相烃源岩生烃动力学及排油效率: 以松辽盆地青山口组为例[J]. 现代地质, 2016, 30(3): 627-634.
|
[36] |
|
[37] |
卢双舫, 钟宁宁, 薛海涛, 等. 碳酸盐岩有机质二次生烃的化学动力学研究及其意义[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2007, 37(2): 178-184.
|
[38] |
钱门辉, 蒋启贵, 李志明, 等. 开放体系下页岩生烃组分动力学研究: 以渤南洼陷为例[J]. 地球化学, 2017, 46(2): 149-157.
|
[39] |
|
[40] |
|
[41] |
|
[42] |
|
[43] |
|
[44] |
|
[45] |
|
[46] |
|
[47] |
何文渊, 蒙启安, 付秀丽, 等. 松辽盆地古龙凹陷青山口组页岩沉积环境特征及其有机质富集机理[J/OL]. 沉积学报: 1-21[2023- 06-04]. https://doi.org/10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.128. DOI: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.128.
|
[48] |
|
[49] |
|
[50] |
王跃文, 陈百军, 陈均亮, 等. 松辽盆地古龙页岩油层顶底板断层封闭性及油气聚集有利区优选[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2022, 41(3): 53-67.
|
[51] |
柳波, 石佳欣, 付晓飞, 等. 陆相泥页岩层系岩相特征与页岩油富集条件: 以松辽盆地古龙凹陷白垩系青山口组一段富有机质泥页岩为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(5): 828-838.
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |