提出以地面预充氮气方法为主、井下增压方法为辅的随钻取样保真筒的设计思路,对其工作方式、取样参数优化方法进行讨论。取样筒中氮气腔的作用相当于储能气垫,可在一定程度上补充取样过程中因温度变化带来的压力损失,井下增压则是将样品尽快地压入样品腔,并进一步提高样品压力来弥补氮气腔无法提供的压力补偿。通过对取样保真筒工作方式的分析,引入非理想气体状态方程,根据取样流体泡点压力是否已知、现场应急取样等情况,对预充氮气压力、井下增压量和取样体积等保真参数的优化取值进行了推导和计算,同时分析了地面温度对保真参数的影响并提出了相应的校正方法。研究表明,地面预充氮气与井下增压随钻取样保真筒,可有效提高样品保真程度,地层流体样品到达地面时,可基本保证样品不发生物理相变现象,进而保证其具有在地层中原有的化学组分。
A design idea of fidelity sampling cylinder while drilling based on surface nitrogen precharging and supplemented by downhole pressurization was proposed, and the working mode and optimization method of sampling parameters were explored. The nitrogen chamber in the sampling cylinder functions as an energy storage air cushion, which can supplement the pressure loss caused by temperature change in the sampling process to some extent. The downhole pressurization is to press the sample into the sample chamber as soon as possible, and further increase the pressure on sample to make up for the pressure that the nitrogen chamber cannot provide. Through analysis of the working mode of the sampling fidelity cylinder, the non-ideal gas state equation was used to deduce and calculate the optimal values of fidelity parameters such as pre-charged nitrogen pressure, downhole pressurization amount and sampling volume according to whether the bubble point pressure of the sampling fluid was known and on-site emergency sampling situation. Besides, the influences of ground temperature on fidelity parameters were analyzed, and corresponding correction methods were put forward. The research shows that the fidelity sampling cylinder while drilling can effectively improve the fidelity of the sample. When the formation fluid sample reaches the surface, it can basically ensure that the sample does not change in physical phase state and keeps the same chemical components in the underground formation.
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