为了准确掌握老油田高含水开采后期各油层分层压力及流体参数等开发动态数据,提出并研发了具有模块化、全电控、快捷化等特点的模块化分层取样与测试技术,并进行了室内测试和现场试验。模块化分层取样与测试系统由地面控制系统、井下电源、排液泵、电控锚定器、电控封隔器、电控取样器、磁定位短节、终端短节、适配管缆、快速接头等多个功能模块构成,室内测试证实各模块性能参数均达到了设计要求。系统井下功能模块耐压35 MPa,耐温85 ℃,电控封隔器胶筒耐压差10 MPa以上,电控锚定器锚定力大于6.9 t,并可在意外情况下强制解卡,排液泵排量0.8 m3/d,扬程500 m,电控取样器能够满足3腔各500 mL取样需求。吉林油田现场试验表明,该系统能够实现井下单个生产层段快速封隔与自验封,完成分层压力恢复测试,利用排液泵可将上下封隔器间以及近井地带的混合液体排出,获取被测层段的地层真实流体样品,提高老油田产层认识水平,为开发方案调整优化、油层改造等提高采收率措施提供重要依据。
To accurately obtain development dynamic data such as zonal pressure and fluid parameters of each oil layer in the late development stage of a high water-cut old oilfield, a modular zonal sampling and testing technology with the characteristics of modularization, full electronic control and rapidity was proposed and developed. Lab testing and on-site testing were carried out. The modular zonal sampling and testing system is composed of 10 functional modules, namely ground control system, downhole power supply, drainage pump, electronically controlled anchor, electronically controlled packer, electronically controlled sampler, magnetic positioning sub, terminal sub, adapter cable, and quick connector etc. Indoor tests have confirmed that the performance parameters of each module meet the design requirements. The downhole function modules of the system can withstand the pressure of up to 35 MPa and temperature of up to 85 ℃. The rubber cylinder of the electronically controlled packer can withstand the pressure difference of above 10 MPa. The electronically controlled anchor has an anchoring force of greater than 6.9 t, and can be forcibly detached in the event of an accident. The discharge pump has a displacement of 0.8 m3/d and a head of 500 m. The electronically controlled sampler can meet the requirement of taking 500 mL of sample in each of the 3 chambers. Field tests in Jilin Oilfield show that the system can realize rapid isolation and self-check of isolation of a production interval downhole, as well as pressure building test layer by layer. The drainage pump can be used to discharge the mixed liquid between the upper and lower packers and near the wellbore to obtain real fluid samples of the tested formation interval. The data obtained give us better understanding on the pay zones in old oilfields, and provide important basis for development plan adjustment, reservoir stimulation, and EOR measures.
[1] 刘合, 裴晓含, 罗凯, 等. 中国油气田开发分层注水工艺技术现状与发展趋势[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2013, 40(6): 733-737.
LIU He, PEI Xiaohan, LUO Kai, et al. Current status and trend of separated layer water flooding in China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2013, 40(6): 733-737.
[2] 刘合, 郑立臣, 杨清海, 等. 分层采油技术的发展历程和展望[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020, 47(5): 1027-1038.
LIU He, ZHENG Lichen, YANG Qinghai, et al. Development and prospect of separated zone oil production technology[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2020, 47(5): 1027-1038.
[3] 杜庆龙. 多层非均质砂岩油田小层动用状况快速定量评价方法[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2016, 35(4): 43-48.
DU Qinglong. Quick-quantitative evaluating method of the sublayer developed conditions in the multilayered heterogeneous sandstone oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2016, 35(4): 43-48.
[4] 李石权, 范莉红, 邓彩云, 等. 特高含水油藏开发后期剩余油精准挖潜技术[J]. 非常规油气, 2019, 6(1): 62-68.
LI Shiquan, FAN Lihong, DENG Caiyun, et al. Precise drilling technology for residual oil in the later stage of development of extra-high water-cut reservoir[J]. Unconventional Oil & Gas, 2019, 6(1): 62-68.
[5] 杨兴琴, 王书南, 周子皓. 地层测试与井下流体取样分析技术进展[J]. 测井技术, 2012, 36(6): 551-558.
YANG Xingqin, WANG Shunan, ZHOU Zihao. Progresses in formation testing and subsurface fluid sampling & analysis technology[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2012, 36(6): 551-558.
[6] 冯永仁, 左有祥, 王健, 等. 地层测试技术及其应用的进展与挑战[J]. 测井技术, 2019, 43(3): 217-227.
FENG Yongren, ZUO Youxiang, WANG Jian, et al. Advances and challenges in formation test and practical application[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2019, 43(3): 217-227.
[7] 马建国, 郭辽原, 任国富. 套管井电缆地层测试新技术[J]. 测井技术, 2003, 27(2): 95-98.
MA Jianguo, GUO Liaoyuan, REN Guofu. Two new methods for cased hole wireline formation test[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2003, 27(2): 95-98.
[8] 杜伟娜, 党瑞荣, 马建国, 等. 多分层取样测试器[J]. 石油仪器, 2001, 15(6): 29-31.
DU Weina, DANG Ruirong, MA Jianguo, et al. Multisublayer sample testers[J]. Petroleum Instruments, 2001, 15(6): 29-31.
[9] 马建国, 任国富, 周三平, 等. 用分层取样测试器进行油气层产能测试[J]. 油气井测试, 2005, 14(5): 21-24.
MA Jianguo, REN Guofu, ZHOU Sanping, et al. Oil-layer or gas-layer deliverability test achieved by multi-layer sampling tester[J]. Well Testing, 2005, 14(5): 21-24.
[10] 张志文, 刘相海, 张颖, 等. AFT技术及其应用效果[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2017, 36(3): 130-136.
ZHANG Zhiwen, LIU Xianghai, ZHANG Ying, et al. AFT technique and its applied effects[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2017, 36(3): 130-136.
[11] 凌龙, 任永宏, 于波涛, 等. 分层测压取样技术在油田监测中的应用[J]. 油气井测试, 2017, 26(3): 60-62.
LING Long, REN Yonghong, YU Botao, et al. Application of separated layer pressure and sampling technique in dynamic monitoring of oilfield[J]. Well Testing, 2017, 26(3): 60-62.
[12] 刘波, 李明, 李娜, 等. 高含水井分层测压取样系统开发与应用[J]. 电子测量技术, 2020, 43(5): 137-140.
LIU Bo, LI Ming, LI Na, et al. Development and application of separate layer pressure testing and sampling system for high water cut wells[J]. Electronic Measurement Technology, 2020, 43(5): 137-140.
[13] 胡占晖. 预置式油井分层流体取样技术研究及应用[J]. 测井技术, 2010, 34(4): 374-376.
HU Zhanhui. Study on preset oilwell zonal sampling technology and its application[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2010, 34(4): 374-376.
[14] 卞红梅. 管柱式油井分层取样技术在大庆油田的应用[J]. 石油管材与仪器, 2017, 3(1): 72-75.
BIAN Hongmei. Application of pipe string stratified sampling in production well[J]. Petroleum Tubular Goods & Instruments, 2017, 3(1): 72-75.
[15] 李俊武, 陈必威, 田泽芬, 等. 油井分层压力三种测试方法对比[J]. 石油仪器, 2012, 26(5): 93-94.
LI Junwu, CHEN Biwei, TIAN Zefen, et al. Comparison of three methods for separated layer pressure testing[J]. Petroleum Instruments, 2012, 26(5): 93-94.
[16] 王金友. 大庆油田分层测压工艺及资料应用[J]. 石油钻采工艺, 2003, 25(1): 63-66.
WANG Jinyou. Separate layer pressure testing techniques & data application in Daqing Oilfield[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2003, 25(1): 63-66.
[17] 姜喆. 分层测压工艺技术及资料应用探讨[J]. 化学工程与装备, 2018(4): 38-40.
JIANG Zhe.Separate layer pressure testing technique and data application[J]. Chemical Engineering & Equipment, 2018(4): 38-40.
[18] 成大先. 机械设计手册: 机械传动[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2004.
CHENG Daxian. Handbook of mechanical design: Mechanical drive[M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2004.
