石油勘探与开发 >

2022 , Vol. 49 >Issue 2: 224 - 237

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2022.02.02

油气勘探

中国陆相中高成熟度页岩油非均质地质条件与差异富集特征

  • 胡素云 ,
  • 白斌 ,
  • 陶士振 ,
  • 卞从胜 ,
  • 张天舒 ,
  • 陈燕燕 ,
  • 梁晓伟 ,
  • 王岚 ,
  • 朱如凯 ,
  • 贾进华 ,
  • 潘哲君 ,
  • 李思洋 ,
  • 刘羽汐
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  • 1.中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;
    2.长庆油田公司陇东页岩油开发项目部,甘肃庆阳 745100;
    3.东北石油大学陆相页岩油气成藏与高效开发教育部重点实验室,黑龙江大庆 163318
胡素云（1963-）,男,湖南邵阳人,博士,中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师,主要从事石油地质综合研究与非常规油气方面的研究。地址：北京市海淀区学院路20号,中国石油勘探开发研究院,邮政编码：100083。E-mail:husy@petrochina.com.cn

收稿日期: 2020-02-03

  网络出版日期: 2022-03-16

基金资助

国家自然科学基金“鄂尔多斯长7富有机质（泥）页岩生烃演化过程中源储非均质特征及其对滞留烃的控制作用”（42072186）; 国家油气重大专项“致密油形成条件、富集规律与资源潜力”（2016ZX05046-001）; 中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术项目“致密油有效储层成因机制及定量表征技术”（2021-DJ2203）

收起

Heterogeneous geological conditions and differential enrichment of medium and high maturity continental shale oil in China

  • HU Suyun ,
  • BAI Bin ,
  • TAO Shizhen ,
  • BIAN Congsheng ,
  • ZHANG Tianshu ,
  • CHEN Yanyan ,
  • LIANG Xiaowei ,
  • WANG Lan ,
  • ZHU Rukai ,
  • JIA Jinhua ,
  • PAN Zhejun ,
  • LI Siyang ,
  • LIU Yuxi
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  • 1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;
    2. Longdong Shale Oil Development Department of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield, Qingyang 745100, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China

Received date: 2020-02-03

  Online published: 2022-03-16

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摘要

基于页岩油基本地质条件和富集特征的对比研究,明确了中国陆相中高成熟度页岩油源储条件的非均质性与差异化富集特征。研究认为：①相比北美页岩油大面积分布的较为均质的源储等有利条件,中国陆相中高成熟度页岩油形成地质条件总体上差异明显,陆相多旋回构造演化形成了多期多类型湖盆,不仅为陆相页岩油规模发育提供场所,也形成了规模优质源岩、多类型储集体以及复杂多样的源储组合,呈现出显著的非均质特征;②不同沉积水体环境的差异导致源岩岩性、岩相和有机母质类型的非均质性,物源供应和沉积相带的差异形成泥质岩、过渡岩性、致密粉砂岩等多样的储集体以及复杂的源储组合类型;③源岩的非均质性控制了生排烃的差异化、储集类型的多样性决定了储集性能的差异化和源储匹配的复杂性,最终决定了富集规律的不同,优质源岩生排烃差异能力影响页岩油富集程度,淡水烃源岩TOC值大于2.5%、咸化烃源岩TOC值为2%~10%时,滞留烃量高,相对有利;④高丰度有机质泥页岩是源内页岩油富集的物质基础,液态烃除在页岩内滞留外,沿纹层、成岩缝、砂质薄层等多种运移路径运聚富集在源内泥质粉砂纹层、粉砂岩、泥质白云岩、白云质粉砂岩等低有机质丰度页岩层系,呈现出富集规律的差异化特征。

关键词： 陆相页岩油; 中高成熟度; 地质特征; 非均质性; 富集规律; 准噶尔盆地; 松辽盆地; 鄂尔多斯盆地; 三塘湖盆地

本文引用格式

胡素云 , 白斌 , 陶士振 , 卞从胜 , 张天舒 , 陈燕燕 , 梁晓伟 , 王岚 , 朱如凯 , 贾进华 , 潘哲君 , 李思洋 , 刘羽汐 . 中国陆相中高成熟度页岩油非均质地质条件与差异富集特征[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2022 , 49(2) : 224 -237 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2022.02.02

Abstract

Based on the comparison of basic geological conditions and enrichment characteristics of shale oil plays, the heterogeneity of source and reservoir conditions and differential enrichment of medium-high maturity continental shale oil plays in China have been confirmed. (1) Compared with the homogeneous geological settings and wide distribution of marine shale oil strata in North America, the continental medium and high maturity shale oil plays in China are significantly different in geological conditions generally; continental multi-cyclic tectonic evolution forms multiple types of lake basins in multi-stages, providing sites for large-scale development of continental shale oil, and giving rise to large scale high-quality source rocks, multiple types of reservoirs, and diverse source-reservoir combinations with significant heterogeneity. (2) The differences in sedimentary water environments lead to the heterogeneity in lithology, lithofacies, and organic material types of source rocks; the differences in material source supply and sedimentary facies belt result in reservoirs of different lithologies, including argillaceous and transition rocks, and tight siltstone, and complex source-reservoir combination types. (3) The heterogeneity of the source rock controls the differentiation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, the diverse reservoir types make reservoir performance different and the source-reservoir configurations complex, and these two factors ultimately make the shale oil enrichment patterns different. Among them, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion capacity of high-quality source rocks affects the degree of shale oil enrichment. Freshwater hydrocarbon source rocks with TOC larger than 2.5% and saline hydrocarbon source rocks with TOC of 2% to 10% have high content of retained hydrocarbons and are favorable. (4) High-abundance organic shale is the basis for the enrichment of shale oil inside the source. In addition to being retained in shale, liquid hydrocarbons migrate along laminae, diagenetic fractures, and thin sandy layers, and then accumulate in laminae of muddy siltstone, siltstone, and argillaceous dolomite, and dolomitic siltstone suites etc. with low organic matter abundance in the shale strata, resulting in differences in enrichment pattern.

Key words： continental shale oil; medium to high maturity; geological characteristics; heterogeneity; enrichment pattern; Junggar Basin; Songliao Basin; Ordos Basin; Santanghu Basin

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