石油勘探与开发 >

2021 , Vol. 48 >Issue 6: 1276 - 1287

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2021.06.20

综合研究

当前陆相页岩油勘探开发值得关注的几个问题

  • 金之钧 ,
  • 朱如凯 ,
  • 梁新平 ,
  • 沈云琦
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  • 1.北京大学 能源研究院,北京 100871;
    2.页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室,北京 100083;
    3.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;
    4.中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083
金之钧（1957-）,男,山东胶南人,中国科学院院士,北京大学教授,中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院教授,主要从事石油地质理论研究和能源战略方面的研究。地址：北京市海淀区颐和园路5号燕园大厦438,邮政编码：100871。E-mail：jinzj1957@pku.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2021-02-23

  修回日期: 2021-09-10

  网络出版日期: 2021-11-25

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目“中国中西部典型盆地陆相页岩油形成演化与富集机理”（42090020,42090025）; 国家科技重大专项“中国典型盆地陆相页岩油勘探开发选区与目标评价”（2017ZX05049）

收起

Several issues worthy of attention in current lacustrine shale oil exploration and development

  • JIN Zhijun ,
  • ZHU Rukai ,
  • LIANG Xinping ,
  • SHEN Yunqi
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  • 1. Institute of Energy, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 100083, China;
    3. Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Sinopec, Beijing 100083, China;
    4. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China

Received date: 2021-02-23

  Revised date: 2021-09-10

  Online published: 2021-11-25

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摘要

基于国内外页岩油勘探开发现状,综合野外观测、典型页岩油区解剖、富有机质页岩样品分析与测试等,对比中美海相与陆相盆地页岩油地质、工程特征的差异性,提出并分析针对中国典型盆地陆相页岩油勘探开发中值得关注的几个问题,包括致密油与页岩油的概念、陆相与海相页岩油的区别、中低成熟度与中高成熟度、垂直渗透率与水平渗透率、源储与源盖、地质与工程、选区与选甜点标准、基础研究与应用研究8个方面。综合鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组、准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组、玛湖凹陷二叠系风城组、松辽盆地白垩系青山口组和嫩江组、渤海湾盆地古近系孔店组和沙河街组大面积发育的富有机质页岩的地质特征对比,认为未来陆相页岩油从勘探到开发,应聚焦陆相细粒沉积物理化学生物作用过程与陆相富有机质页岩形成机理、成岩-成烃-成储动态演化与烃类赋存富集机理、不同成岩阶段陆相页岩致裂机制与不同成熟度页岩油多相多尺度流动机理3个关键科学问题,阐明不同页岩层系储集性、含油性、可压性与不同成熟度页岩油可动性的主控因素,建立陆相页岩油富集模式,构建页岩油选区评价方法体系,探索陆相页岩油的有效开发方式,为中国陆相页岩油规模经济勘探开发提供理论基础和技术支撑。图6表4参43

关键词： 陆相页岩油; 中低成熟度; 中高成熟度; 垂直渗透率; 水平渗透率; 源储; 源盖; 地质与工程

本文引用格式

金之钧 , 朱如凯 , 梁新平 , 沈云琦 . 当前陆相页岩油勘探开发值得关注的几个问题[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021 , 48(6) : 1276 -1287 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2021.06.20

Abstract

Based on the current research status of shale oil exploration and development at home and abroad, through field observations, dissection of typical shale oil regions, analysis and testing of organic-rich shale samples, etc., we compare the differences in geological and engineering characteristics of shale oil reservoirs in marine and continental basins in China and the United States, put forward several issues worthy of attention in the exploration and development of lacustrine shale oil in typical basins of China, including the concept of tight oil and shale oil, vertical permeability and horizontal permeability, differences between continental and marine shale oil reservoirs, medium-low maturity and medium-high maturity, source-reservoir and source-caprock, geology and engineering, selection criteria of favorable areas and “sweet spots”, basic scientific research and application research. By comparing and analyzing organic-rich shales in the Triassic Yanchang Formation of the Ordos Basin, the Permian Lucaogou Formation in the Jimsar Sag of the Junggar Basin, the Permian Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag, the Cretaceous Qingshankou & Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin and the Paleogene Kongdian & Shahejie Formation in the Bohai Bay Basin, we believe that three key scientific issues must be studied in-depth from shale oil exploration to development in the future: (1) the physical, chemical and biological processes during the deposition of terrestrial fine-grained sediments and the formation mechanism of terrestrial organic-rich shale; (2) the dynamic evolution of diagenesis- hydrocarbon generation-reservoir formation, and the mechanisms of hydrocarbon formation and accumulation; (3) the fracturing mechanisms of terrestrial shale layers in different diagenetic stages and the multi-phase and multi-scale flow mechanism of shale oil in shale layers of different maturities. In addition, we should clarify the main controlling factors of shale oil reservoir characterization, oil-bearing properties, compressibility and fluidity of shale oil with different maturities, establish a lacustrine shale oil enrichment model and the evaluation methodology, to provide effective development methods, and ultimately to establish theoretical foundation and technical support for the large scale economical exploration and development of lacustrine shale oil resources in China.

Key words： lacustrine shale oil; medium-low maturity; medium-high maturity; vertical permeability; horizontal permeability; source-reservoir; source-caprock; geology and engineering

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