基于最大熵准则的Wigner-Ville分布与微型古河道刻画方法及应用

徐天吉; 程冰洁; 牛双晨; 秦正晔; 王贞贞

doi:10.11698/PED.2021.06.09

石油勘探与开发 >

2021 , Vol. 48 >Issue 6: 1175 - 1186

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2021.06.09

油气勘探

基于最大熵准则的Wigner-Ville分布与微型古河道刻画方法及应用

徐天吉 ,
程冰洁 ,
牛双晨 ,
秦正晔 ,
王贞贞

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1.电子科技大学资源与环境学院,成都 611731;
2.电子科技大学长三角研究院（湖州）,浙江湖州 313000;
3.成都理工大学“油气藏地质及开发工程”国家重点实验室,成都 610059;
4.成都理工大学“地球探测与信息技术”教育部重点实验室,成都 610059;
5.四川中成煤田物探工程院有限公司,成都 610072

徐天吉（1975-）,男,四川射洪人,博士,电子科技大学资源与环境学院研究员,主要从事多波地震勘探、储集层地质力学、人工智能等方法研究与教学。地址：成都市高新区（西区）西源大道2006号创新中心,邮政编码：611731。E-mail: xutianji@uestc.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2021-01-29

修回日期: 2021-11-09

网络出版日期: 2021-11-25

基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于应力诱导各向异性与岩石力学性质的深层页岩储层可压裂性评价方法研究”（42074160）; 国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于各向异性介质弹性参数的页岩TOC及脆性预测方法”（41574099）; 四川省科技计划“页岩储层智能化含气性预测方法”（2020JDRC0013）

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A microscopic ancient river channel identification method based on maximum entropy principle and Wigner-Ville Distribution and its application

XU Tianji ,
CHENG Bingjie ,
NIU Shuangchen ,
QIN Zhengye ,
WANG Zhenzhen

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1. School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;
2. Yangtze Delta Region Institute of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313000;
3. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
4. College of Geophysics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
5. Sichuan Zhongcheng Institute of Coalfield Geophysical Engineering, Chengdu 610072

Received date: 2021-01-29

Revised date: 2021-11-09

Online published: 2021-11-25

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摘要

针对窄细古河道精细刻画难题,利用最大熵准则增强Wigner-Ville分布的聚焦特性,在有效提升地震信号时频分辨能力的基础上,建立了一种微型古河道识别新方法。基于最大熵功率谱与自回归模型（AR）功率谱等效的原理,首先利用Burg算法和Levinson-Durbin递推规则,求取AR模型的预测误差、自回归系数等参数;然后,在自相关函数一阶导数为0的条件下,计算地震信号的Wigner-Ville分布,获取微型古河道最大熵准则约束下的Wigner-Ville时频功率谱（MEWVD）。通过仿真地震信号和窄薄模型数值模拟信号实验分析,发现MEWVD既能有效避免Wigner-Ville分布的交叉项干扰,还能获得比短时傅里叶变换（STFT）、连续小波变换（CWT）等信号分析方法更加精准的频谱特征;同时,还证实了利用不同频率的MEWVD,可以有效识别不同尺度的窄细古河道。将该方法应用于四川盆地中江气田侏罗系沙溪庙组（J₂s₃^3-2小层）气藏,准确地识别出宽度小于500 m、砂岩厚度小于35 m的窄细古河道的宽度、走向等空间信息,可为井位部署、水平井压裂选段等提供依据。图7表2参31

关键词： 最大熵准则; Wigner-Ville分布; 频谱聚焦性; 高分辨; 地震; 河流相; 窄细古河道

本文引用格式

徐天吉 , 程冰洁 , 牛双晨 , 秦正晔 , 王贞贞 . 基于最大熵准则的Wigner-Ville分布与微型古河道刻画方法及应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021 , 48(6) : 1175 -1186 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2021.06.09

Abstract

In view of the problem of fine characterization of narrow and thin channels, the maximum entropy criterion is used to enhance the focusing characteristics of Wigner-Ville Distribution. On the basis of effectively improving the time-frequency resolution of seismic signal, a new method of microscopic ancient river channel identification is established. Based on the principle of the equivalence between the maximum entropy power spectrum and the AR model power spectrum, the prediction error and the autoregression coefficient of AR model are obtained by using the Burg algorithm and Levinson-Durbin recurrence rule. Under the condition of the first derivative of autocorrelation function being 0, the Wigner-Ville Distribution of seismic signal is calculated, and the Wigner-Ville Distribution time-frequency power spectrum (MEWVD) is obtained under the maximum entropy criterion of the microscopic ancient river channel. Through analysis of emulational seismic signal and numerical simulation signal of narrow thin model, it is found that MEWVD can effectively avoid the interference of cross term of Wigner-Ville Distribution, and obtain more accurate spectral characteristics than STFT and CWT signal analysis methods. It is also proved that the narrow and thin river channels of different scales can be identified effectively by using MEWVD of different frequencies. The method is applied to the third member of Jurassic Shaximiao Formation (J₂s₃^3-2) gas reservoir of the Zhongjiang gas field in Sichuan Basin. The spatial information of width and direction of narrow and thin river channel with width less than 500 m and sandstone thickness less than 35 m is accurately identified, providing basis for well deployment and horizontal well fracturing section selection.

Key words： maximum entropy principle; Wigner-Ville Distribution; spectral focusing; high resolution; seismic; fluvial facies; narrow and thin ancient channel

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