石油勘探与开发 >

2021 , Vol. 48 >Issue 4: 700 - 709

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2021.04.03

油气勘探

富有机质页岩生物成因石英的类型及其耦合成储机制——以四川盆地上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组为例

  • 管全中 ,
  • 董大忠 ,
  • 张华玲 ,
  • 孙莎莎 ,
  • 张素荣 ,
  • 郭雯
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  • 1.成都理工大学能源学院,成都610059;
    2.中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083;
    3.休斯顿大学,休斯顿77004;
    4.中国石油长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院,西安710018
管全中(1990-),男,安徽六安人,博士,成都理工大学能源学院副研究员,主要从事非常规油气储集层表征、评价与优选等研究。地址：四川省成都市成华区二仙桥东三路1号,能源学院综合楼,邮政编码：610059。E-mail: muchang503@126.com

收稿日期: 2020-05-06

  修回日期: 2021-05-20

  网络出版日期: 2021-07-23

基金资助

国家科技重大专项“四川盆地及周缘页岩气形成富集条件、选区评价技术与应用”（2017ZX05035）

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Types of biogenic quartz and its coupling storage mechanism in organic-rich shales: A case study of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation to Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin, SW China

  • GUAN Quanzhong ,
  • DONG Dazhong ,
  • ZHANG Hualing ,
  • SUN Shasha ,
  • ZHANG Surong ,
  • GUO Wen
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  • 1. College of Energy, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
    2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
    3. University of Houston, Houston 77004, USA;
    4. Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China

Received date: 2020-05-06

  Revised date: 2021-05-20

  Online published: 2021-07-23

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摘要

利用有机岩石学、矿物学、地球化学等方法对四川盆地及周缘上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组页岩中生物成因石英进行定性分析与定量表征,并探讨有机质与石英之间的耦合作用。研究结果表明：①生物成因石英主要有两种类型,Ⅰ类生物成因亚微米级石英以集合体攒簇在有机质边缘,Ⅱ类纳米级石英以球形“漂浮”在有机质上,彼此之间点接触或面接触,主体为生物成因,局部混合热液硅质作用;②优质页岩储集层展布与内部生物硅含量的分布一致,主要集中在页岩底部,长宁和威远地区的厚度相对较薄,涪陵地区较厚;③页岩中生物成因石英整体贯穿有机质生烃演化过程,既能促进有机质孔隙和微裂缝的发育,又能有效保存有机质孔隙和残余粒间孔,形成“生物硅质粒间孔-有机质孔隙-微裂缝”高效渗流通道,后期水力压裂易形成高产/稳产井。生物成因石英的发育和有机质生烃演化之间的耦合作用是优质页岩储集层发育的关键因素。 图9 表2 参34

关键词： 四川盆地; 五峰组—龙马溪组; 页岩气; 富有机质页岩; 生物成因石英; 成储机制

本文引用格式

管全中 , 董大忠 , 张华玲 , 孙莎莎 , 张素荣 , 郭雯 . 富有机质页岩生物成因石英的类型及其耦合成储机制——以四川盆地上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021 , 48(4) : 700 -709 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2021.04.03

Abstract

Biogenic quartz in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation to Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation (Wufeng-Longmaxi) shale layers in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery is qualitatively analyzed and quantitatively characterized by organic petrologic, mineralogic, and geochemical methods to find out the coupling effect between organic matter and quartz. (1) There are two types of biogenic quartz in the shale layers: Type I quartz is submicron quartz appearing in clusters around the organic matter; Type II quartz is in nanometer grain size and floats in spherical shape on organic matter, with grains in point-to-point or surface-to-surface contact; this type of quartz is mainly biologic origin and slightly affected by hydrothermal activity in local parts. (2) The reservoirs in the Wufeng-Longmaxi formations is consistent in distribution with biogenic silica content in them, and mainly concentrated at the bottom of the Wufeng-Longmaxi formations, and is thinner in the Changning and Weiyuan regions, while thicker in the Fuling region. (3) The biogenic quartz in the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale worked through the entire evolution process of hydrocarbon generation. The presence of biogenic quartz can enhance the development of organic matter pores and microcracks, and can effectively preserve the organic matter pores and residual intergranular pores, forming "biological silicon intergranular pores, organic pores and micro-fractures". This would benefit later hydraulic fracturing and result in high production/stable production of well. The coupling effect between biogenic quartz development and organic matter evolution and hydrocarbon generation is a critical factor for high-quality shale reservoir development.

Key words： Sichuan Basin; Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation; shale gas; organic-rich shale; biogenic quartz; reservoir-forming mechanism

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