石油勘探与开发 >

2021 , Vol. 48 >Issue 2: 394 - 401

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2021.02.16

石油工程

水力压裂致套管剪切变形机理及套变量计算模型

  • 路千里 ,
  • 刘壮 ,
  • 郭建春 ,
  • 何乐 ,
  • 李彦超 ,
  • 曾冀 ,
  • 任山
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  • 1.西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,成都 610500;
    2.川庆钻探公司井下作业分公司,成都 610052;
    3.川庆钻探工程有限公司页岩气勘探开发项目经理部,成都 610052;
    4.中国石油西南油气田公司工程技术研究院,成都 610052;
    5.成都劳恩普斯科技有限公司,成都 610000
路千里（1989-）,男,四川泸州人,博士,西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院讲师,主要从事储集层增产改造理论与技术、岩石力学、复杂裂缝扩展与流体流动数值模拟方面的科研与教学工作。地址：四川省成都市新都区西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,邮政编码：610500。E-mail: lu_qianli@swpu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2020-05-18

  修回日期: 2021-02-08

  网络出版日期: 2021-03-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（51904258,51874250）; 中国石油科技创新基金项目（2020D-5007-0208）; 川庆钻探页岩气勘探开发项目经理部科技项目“基于动态应力场的缝网扩展预测模型研究”（2019-JS-941）; 国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05048-004-006）

收起

Hydraulic fracturing induced casing shear deformation and a prediction model of casing deformation

  • LU Qianli ,
  • LIU Zhuang ,
  • GUO Jianchun ,
  • HE Le ,
  • LI Yanchao ,
  • ZENG Ji ,
  • REN Shan
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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation in Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
    2. Downhole Service Company, CCDC, CNPC, Chengdu 610052, China;
    3. Shale Gas Exploration & Development Project Department, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610052, China;
    4. Research Institute of Engineering and Technology, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610052, China;
    5. Chengdu Learn-Practices Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China

Received date: 2020-05-18

  Revised date: 2021-02-08

  Online published: 2021-03-19

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摘要

针对天然裂缝滑移导致页岩气井压裂易出现套管变形（简称套变）问题,在应力分析的基础上建立了裂缝面受力模型,并采用复变函数建立了套变量计算模型,开展井筒剪应力、套变量的影响因素分析。研究表明：①裂缝逼近角与井筒逼近角对井筒剪应力影响显著,在威远页岩气田现场常见井筒逼近角（近90°）条件下,裂缝逼近角为20°~55°（或其补角）时,井筒剪应力大,套变风险高;②当裂缝未完全撑开时,井筒剪应力与缝内流体压力正相关、与摩擦系数负相关;当裂缝完全撑开时,井筒剪应力与天然裂缝面积正相关;③弹性模量越低,裂缝越长,套变程度越严重;泊松比对套变量影响较弱;套变量随裂缝逼近角增加先增大后减小,裂缝逼近角为45°时达最大值;④裂缝逼近角一定时,可适当调整井筒逼近角以避免井筒受到高剪应力,合理控制缝内流体压力可以降低套变风险;套管所受剪应力通常远大于套管抗剪强度,提高套管强度或固井质量对降低套变风险作用有限。经现场井径测井数据验证,套变量计算模型可靠,可用于建立套变风险程度分析图版及计算套变量,为压裂设计中快速预判水平井套变风险提供参考。图13表4参23

关键词： 页岩气井; 水力压裂; 天然裂缝; 裂缝滑移; 套变机理; 套变量; 风险控制

本文引用格式

路千里 , 刘壮 , 郭建春 , 何乐 , 李彦超 , 曾冀 , 任山 . 水力压裂致套管剪切变形机理及套变量计算模型[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021 , 48(2) : 394 -401 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2021.02.16

Abstract

To study the casing deformation (CD) in shale gas well fracturing caused by natural fracture slip, a fracture face stress model is built based on stress analysis, and a CD prediction model is established based on complex function to analyze factors affecting wellbore shear stress and CD. (1) The fracture and wellbore approach angles have significant impacts on the wellbore shear stress. In Weiyuan shale gas field, Sichuan Basin, under the common wellbore approach angle of nearly 90°, the wellbore is subjected to large shear stress and high risk of CD at the fracture approach angle range of 20° to 55° or its supplementary angle range. (2) When the fracture is partially opened, the wellbore shear stress is positively correlated with the fluid pressure, and negatively correlated with the fracture friction coefficient; when the fracture is fully opened, the wellbore shear stress is positively correlated with the natural fracture area. (3) The lower the elastic modulus and the longer the fracture length, the more serious the CD will be, and the Poisson's ratio has a weak influence on the CD. The deformation first increases and then decreases with the increase of fracture approach angle, and reaches the maximum when the fracture approach angle is 45°. (4) At a given fracture approach angle, appropriately adjusting the wellbore approach angle can avoid high shear stress acting on wellbore, and reasonable control of the fluid pressure in the fracture can reduce the CD risk. The shear stress acting on casing is usually much greater than the shear strength of casing, so increasing casing strength or cementing quality have limited effect on reducing the risk of CD. Caliper logging data has verified that the CD prediction model is reliable, so the model can be used to establish risk analysis chart and calculate deformation value, to provide a reference for quick CD risk prediction in fracturing design.

Key words： shale gas well; hydraulic fracturing; natural fracture; fracture slippage; casing deformation mechanism; casing deformation; risk control

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