中国东部断陷湖盆深水重力流沉积及其油气地质意义

操应长; 金杰华; 刘海宁; 杨田; 刘可禹; 王艳忠; 王健; 梁超

doi:10.11698/PED.2021.02.02

石油勘探与开发 >

2021 , Vol. 48 >Issue 2: 247 - 257

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2021.02.02

油气勘探

中国东部断陷湖盆深水重力流沉积及其油气地质意义

操应长 ,
金杰华 ,
刘海宁 ,
杨田 ,
刘可禹 ,
王艳忠 ,
王健 ,
梁超

展开

1.中国石油大学（华东）地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580;
2.中国石化胜利油田分公司物探研究院,山东东营257000;
3.成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,成都610059

操应长(1969-),男,安徽潜山人,博士,中国石油大学（华东）教授,主要从事沉积学和地质学研究。地址：山东省青岛市黄岛区长江西路66号,中国石油大学（华东）地球科学与技术学院,邮政编码：266580。E-mail: caoych@upc.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2020-02-16

修回日期: 2021-02-01

网络出版日期: 2021-03-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（41802127,U1762217）; 国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05006-003）

收起

Deep-water gravity flow deposits in a lacustrine rift basin and their oil and gas geological significance in eastern China

CAO Yingchang ,
JIN Jiehua ,
LIU Haining ,
YANG Tian ,
LIU Keyu ,
WANG Yanzhong ,
WANG Jian ,
LIANG Chao

Expand

1. School of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
2. Institute of Geophysical Exploration, Shengli Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Dongying 257000, China;
3. Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

Received date: 2020-02-16

Revised date: 2021-02-01

Online published: 2021-03-19

Fold

摘要

通过大量的岩心观察和综合分析开展断陷湖盆深水重力流沉积类型、演化过程、形成机制和沉积模式研究。断陷湖盆深水重力驱动沉积作用可分为滑动、滑塌块体搬运沉积和碎屑流、浊流流体搬运沉积,碎屑流与浊流之间的相互转化、浊流的超临界态与亚临界态之间的转化是深水重力流主要的动力学机制。超临界浊流的侵蚀作用控制了深水重力流水道的形成,碎屑流沉积作用不发育水道,而以舌形体沉积为特征。深水重力流沉积包含盆内和盆外两种成因,前者表现为单一舌形体或多个舌形体叠加的扇形体,后者表现为水道发育的湖底扇沉积或单一水道砂体沉积,但近岸水下扇沉积以发育无水道舌形体叠置扇形体沉积为特征。近岸水下扇沉积相带分异导致的差异成岩作用形成成岩圈闭,盆外成因的深水重力流沉积是湖盆深水砂体富集的重要原因,紧邻三角洲前缘的滑动块体沉积是被忽视的重要岩性圈闭类型,流体转化成因的细粒沉积是页岩油气潜在的“甜点”发育区。图9参23

关键词： 浊流; 碎屑流; 深水重力流沉积; 沉积模式; 油气地质意义; 断陷湖盆

本文引用格式

操应长 , 金杰华 , 刘海宁 , 杨田 , 刘可禹 , 王艳忠 , 王健 , 梁超 . 中国东部断陷湖盆深水重力流沉积及其油气地质意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021 , 48(2) : 247 -257 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2021.02.02

Abstract

The types, evolution processes, formation mechanisms, and depositional models of deep-water gravity flow deposits in a lacustrine rift basin are studied through core observation and systematic analysis. Massive transport of slide and slump, fluid transport of debris flow and turbidity currents are driven by gravity in deep-water lacustrine environment. The transformation between debris flow and turbidity current, and the transformation of turbidity current between supercritical and subcritical conditions are the main dynamic mechanisms of gravity flow deposits in a lake basin. The erosion of supercritical turbidity current controls the formation of gravity-flow channel. Debris flow deposition gives rise to tongue shape lobe rather than channel. Deep-water gravity flow deposits are of two origins, intrabasinal and extrabasinal. Intrabasinal gravity flow deposits occur as single tongue-shape lobe or fan of stacking multiple lobes. Extrabasinal gravity-flow deposits occur as sublacustrine fan with channel or single channel sand body. However, the nearshore subaqueous fan is characterized by fan of stacking multiple tongue shape lobes without channel. The differential diagenesis caused by differentiation in the nearshore subaqueous fan facies belt results in the formation of diagenetic trap. The extrabasinal gravity flow deposits are one of the important reasons for the abundant deep-water sand bodies in a lake basin. Slide mass-transport deposits form a very important type of lithologic trap near the delta front often ignored. The fine-grained sediment caused by flow transformation is the potential “sweet spot” of shale oil and gas.

Key words： turbidity current; debris flow; deep-water gravity-flow deposits; depositional model; oil and gas geological significance; fault lake basin

参考文献

[1] 邹才能, 赵政璋, 杨华, 等. 陆相湖盆深水砂质碎屑流成因机制与分布特征: 以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J]. 沉积学报, 2009, 27(6): 1065-1075.
ZOU Caineng, ZHAO Zhengzhang, YANG Hua, et al.Genetic mechanism and distribution of sandy debris flows in terrestrial lacustrine basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2009, 27(6): 1065-1075.
[2] 操应长, 杨田, 王艳忠, 等. 深水碎屑流与浊流混合事件层类型及成因机制[J]. 地学前缘, 2017, 24(3): 234-248.
CAO Yingchang, YANG Tian, WANG Yanzhong, et al.Types and genesis of deep-water hybrid event beds comprising debris flow and turbidity current[J]. Geoscience Frontiers, 2017, 24(3): 234-248.
[3] 操应长, 杨田, 王艳忠, 等. 超临界沉积物重力流形成演化及特征[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(6): 607-621.
CAO Yingchang, YANG Tian, WANG Yanzhong, et al.Formation, evolution and sedimentary characteristics of supercritical sediment gravity-flow[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(6): 607-621.
[4] CAO Y C, WANG Y Z, GLUYAS J G, et al.Depositional model for lacustrine nearshore subaqueous fans in a rift basin: The Eocene Shahejie Formation, Dongying Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China[J]. Sedimentology, 2018, 65(6): 2117-2148.
[5] YANG R C, JIN Z J, VANLOON A J, et al.Climatic and tectonic controls of lacustrine hyperpycnite origination in the Late Triassic Ordos Basin, central China: Implications for unconventional petroleum development[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2017, 101(1): 95-117.
[6] YANG T, CAO Y C, LIU K Y, et al.Genesis and depositional model of subaqueous sediment gravity-flow deposits in a lacustrine rift basin as exemplified by the Eocene Shahejie Formation in the Jiyang Depression, eastern China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2019, 102: 231-257.
[7] YANG T, CAO Y C, LIU K Y, et al.Gravity flow deposits caused by different initiation processes in a deep-lake system[J]. AAPG, 2020, 104(7): 1463-1499.
[8] 邱振, 邹才能. 非常规油气沉积学: 内涵与展望[J]. 沉积学报, 2020, 38(1): 1-9.
QIU Zhen, ZOU Caineng.Unconventional petroleum sedimentology: Connotation and prospect[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 38(1): 1-9.
[9] 杨田, 操应长, 田景春. 浅谈陆相湖盆深水重力流沉积研究中的几点认识[J]. 沉积学报, 2021, 39(1): 88-111.
YANG Tian, CAO Yingchang, TIAN Jingchun.Discussion on research of deep-water gravity flow deposition in lacustrine basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2021, 39(1): 88-111.
[10] KUENEN P H, MIGLIORINI C I.Turbidity currents as a cause of graded bedding[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1950, 58: 91-127.
[11] FOREL F A. Les ravins sous-lacustres des fleuves glaciaires[J]. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences de Paris, 1885, 101: 1-3.
[12] 鲜本忠, 万锦峰, 姜在兴, 等. 断陷湖盆洼陷带重力流沉积特征与模式: 以南堡凹陷东部东营组为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2012, 19(1): 121-135.
XIAN Benzhong, WAN Jinfeng, JIANG Zaixing, et al.Sedimentary characteristics and model of gravity flow deposition in the depressed belt of rift lacustrine basin: A case study from Dongying Formation in Nanpu Depression[J]. Geoscience Frontiers, 2012, 19(1): 121-135.
[13] 杨仁超, 何治亮, 邱桂强, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部晚三叠世重力流沉积体系[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2014, 41(6): 661-670.
YANG Renchao, HE Zhiliang, QIU Guiqiang, et al.Late Triassic gravity flow depositional systems in the southern Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2014, 41(6): 661-670.
[14] 潘树新, 刘化清, ZAVALA Carlos, 等. 大型坳陷湖盆异重流成因的水道—湖底扇系统: 以松辽盆地白垩系嫩江组一段为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2017, 44(6): 860-870.
PAN Shuxin, LIU Huaqing, ZAVALA Carlos, et al.Sublacustrine hyperpycnal channel-fan system in a large depression basin: A case study of Nen 1 Member, Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin, NE China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2017, 44(6): 860-870.
[15] TALLING P J, MASSON D G, SUMNER E J, et al.Subaqueous sediment density flows: Depositional processes and deposit types[J]. Sedimentology, 2012, 59: 1937-2003.
[16] 李相博, 刘化清, 潘树新, 等. 中国湖相沉积物重力流研究的过去、现在与未来[J]. 沉积学报, 2019, 37(5): 904-921.
LI Xiangbo, LIU Huaqing, PAN Shuxin, et al.The past, present and future of research on deep-water sedimentary gravity flow in lake basins of China[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2019, 37(5): 904-921.
[17] MULDER T, ALEXANDER J.The physical character of subaqueous sedimentary density flows and their deposits[J]. Sedimentology, 2001, 48(2): 269-299.
[18] CARTIGNY M J, EGGENHUISEN J T, HANSEN E W, et al.Concentration-dependent flow stratification in experimental high-density turbidity currents and their relevance to turbidite facies models[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2013, 83: 1046-1064.
[19] HAUGHTON P D, DAVIS C, MCCAFFREY W, et al.Hybrid sediment gravity flow deposits-classification, origin and significance[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2009, 26: 1900-1918.
[20] FILDANI A, HUBBARD S M, COVAULT J A, et al.Erosion at inception of deep-sea channels[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2013, 41: 48-61.
[21] ZAVALA C, ARCURI M.Intrabasinal and extrabasinal turbidites: Origin and distinctive characteristics[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2016, 337: 36-54.
[22] 操应长, 杨田, 宋明水, 等. 陆相断陷湖盆低渗透碎屑岩储层特征及相对优质储层成因: 以济阳坳陷东营凹陷古近系为例[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(7): 727-743.
CAO Yingchang, YANG Tian, SONG Mingshui, et al.Characteristics of low-permeability clastic reservoirs and genesis of relatively high-quality reservoirs in the continental rift lake basin: A case study of Paleogene in the Dongying Sag, Jiyang Depression[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(7): 727-743.
[23] HOVIKOSKI J, THERKELSEN J, NIELSEN L H, et al.Density-flow deposition in a fresh-water lacustrine rift basin, Paleogene Bach Long Vi Graben, Vietnam[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2016, 86(8): 982-1007.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献