以丙烯酰胺(AM)、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)与3-丙烯酰胺丙基-三甲基氯化铵(TAC)为单体,通过改变投料比例,采用水溶液聚合法合成了一系列电荷分布不同的AM-AMPS-TAC聚合物,通过室内实验研究聚合物的盐响应行为、盐响应性致因以及聚合物分子结构对盐响应性的影响,并进行应用分析。采用分步剪切模式进行流变性测试,结果证明AM-AMPS-TAC聚合物具有盐响应特性,且AMPS与TAC投料量越接近盐响应性越显著。通过浊度测试与微观形貌分析研究了聚合物分子链构象随盐刺激的变化规律,并结合特性黏度测试与共聚物组成分析研究了盐响应机理,结果表明,聚合物的盐响应行为源于分子链构象在盐刺激下发生了由蜷曲到伸展的转变,这种转变是聚合物分子内离子键被盐的电荷屏蔽作用削弱所致。将AM90-AMPS5-TAC5与降滤失剂PAC-Lv复配应用于饱和盐水钻井液体系中,抗盐与耐温效果最优,钻井液在150 ℃、饱和NaCl条件下长时间维持稳定黏度和良好分散,且滤失量小。图7表3参16
贺垠博
,
蒋官澄
,
董腾飞
,
杨丽丽
,
李小庆
. 盐响应聚合物刺激响应机理及在饱和盐水钻井液中的应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020
, 47(5)
: 1052
-1058
.
DOI: 10.11698/PED.2020.05.19
AM-AMPS-TAC polymers with different charge distribution are synthesized using acrylamide (AM), 2-acrylamido-2- methylpropanesulfonate (AMPS) and 3-acrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium (TAC) at different feed ratios by polymerization in solution. The salt-responsive behavior, reasons leading to salt-responsiveness, and effects of polymers molecular structure on salt-responsiveness are studied by laboratory experiments to find out the adaptability of the polymers. Rheology test under stepwise shear mode shows that the AM-AMPS-TAC polymers have salt responsiveness, and the closer the feeds of AMPS and ATC, the more significant the salt responsiveness will be. Conformation change of polymers molecular chain under salt stimulus is studied by turbidity test and micro-morphology analysis, and the responsive mechanism is further investigated by intrinsic viscosity test and copolymer composition analysis. Results indicate that the salt-responsive behavior of AM-AMPS-TAC polymers derives from the “curled to expanded” transition of chain conformation under salt stimulus, and this transition is led by the screening effect of salt which weakens polymers intramolecular ionic bond. Application in saturated saltwater drilling fluid shows that the AM90-AMPS5-TAC5 polymer has the best salt-tolerance and temperature-tolerance when used together with fluid loss controller PAC-Lv. The drilling fluid saturated with NaCl can maintain stable viscosity, good dispersion and low fluid loss for long time under 150 ℃.
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