石油勘探与开发 >

2020 , Vol. 47 >Issue 5: 935 - 946

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2020.05.08

油气勘探

面扫描和定年技术在古老碳酸盐岩储集层研究中的应用——以塔里木盆地西北部震旦系奇格布拉克组为例

  • 杨翰轩 ,
  • 胡安平 ,
  • 郑剑锋 ,
  • 梁峰 ,
  • 罗宪婴 ,
  • 俸月星 ,
  • 沈安江
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  • 1.中国石油杭州地质研究院,杭州 310023;
    2.中国石油集团碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室,杭州 310023;
    3.昆士兰大学地球与环境科学学院放射性同位素实验室,澳大利亚布里斯班 QLD4072
杨翰轩(1994-),男,四川自贡人,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院硕士研究生,从事碳酸盐岩沉积、储集层地质学方面研究。地址:浙江省杭州市西湖区西溪路920号,中国石油杭州地质研究院,邮政编码:310023。E-mail:yhx_petrochina@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-02-17

  修回日期: 2020-09-04

  网络出版日期: 2020-09-22

基金资助

国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发”(2016ZX05004-002);中国石油直属院所基础研究和战略储备技术研究基金(2018D-5008-03);中国石油股份有限公司重大科技项目“深层油气储集层形成机理与分布规律”(2018A-0103)

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Application of mapping and dating techniques in the study of ancient carbonate reservoirs: A case study of Sinian Qigebrak Formation in northwestern Tarim Basin, NW China

  • YANG Hanxuan ,
  • HU Anping ,
  • ZHENG Jianfeng ,
  • LIANG Feng ,
  • LUO Xianying ,
  • FENG Yuexing ,
  • SHEN Anjiang
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  • 1. PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology (HIPG), Hangzhou 310023, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoirs, CNPC, Hangzhou 310023, China;
    3. Radiogenic Isotope Facility, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia

Received date: 2020-02-17

  Revised date: 2020-09-04

  Online published: 2020-09-22

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摘要

针对古老海相碳酸盐岩成岩叠加改造复杂、储集层成因和油气运移前有效孔隙测算难等问题,以塔里木盆地西北部震旦系奇格布拉克组微生物白云岩储集层为例,应用元素激光面扫描成像技术和碳酸盐矿物激光U-Pb同位素定年技术,开展基于地球化学信息的成岩环境和基于绝对地质年龄的成岩-孔隙演化研究,得到以下两点认识:①在岩石学观察基础上,对孔洞中充填的不同期次白云石胶结物开展元素面扫描成像、碳氧稳定同位素组成、锶同位素组成、阴极发光等分析,认为奇格布拉克组白云岩储集层依次经历了沉积期白云石化、淡水成岩环境、海水成岩环境、极浅埋藏成岩环境、埋藏成岩环境、热液成岩环境6个阶段,储集空间主要形成于埋藏前的沉积环境(原生孔)和淡水成岩环境(表生溶蚀孔洞),海水、埋藏和热液环境引起白云石胶结物的逐渐充填减孔;②在储集层成因认识基础上,对孔洞中充填的各期次白云石胶结物开展测年,建立基于绝对地质年龄的成岩-孔隙演化曲线,认为胶结减孔主要发生在加里东早期,在玉尔吐斯组烃源岩生烃高峰期,储集层孔隙度仍可达到6%~10%。研究成果不仅为奇格布拉克组成藏有效性评价提供一定依据,也为定年和面扫描成像技术在古老碳酸盐岩储集层研究中的应用提供了案例。图6表1参56

关键词： U-Pb定年; 面扫描; 震旦系奇格布拉克组; 塔里木盆地西北部; 碳酸盐岩; 成岩环境; 成岩-孔隙演化

本文引用格式

杨翰轩 , 胡安平 , 郑剑锋 , 梁峰 , 罗宪婴 , 俸月星 , 沈安江 . 面扫描和定年技术在古老碳酸盐岩储集层研究中的应用——以塔里木盆地西北部震旦系奇格布拉克组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020 , 47(5) : 935 -946 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2020.05.08

Abstract

Ancient marine carbonate formations experienced complex diagenetic processes, making it difficult to identify reservoir genesis and effective porosity before hydrocarbon migration. To solve these issues, we used element mapping and carbonate mineral laser U-Pb radiometric dating techniques to study the diagenetic environments based on geochemistry and diagenesis-porosity evolution based on geochronology of the dolomite reservoir of the Sinian Qigebrak Formation, northwest Tarim Basin. Two major understandings were obtained as follows: (1) On the basis of petrographic observations, the analyses element mapping, stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen, strontium isotope, and cathodoluminescence tests were performed on different phases of dolomite cements precipitated in vugs and dissolved channels. The results show that the dolomite reservoirs of the Qigebrak Formation went through freshwater, marine, extremely shallow burial, burial and hydrothermal diagenetic environments after synsedimentary dolomitization; the reservoir spaces were mainly formed in the synsedimentary period (primary pores) and freshwater environment (supergene dissolution pores) before burial; whereas the marine, burial and hydrothermal environments caused the gradual filling of reservoir space by dolomite cements. (2) Based on the above understandings, each phase of dolomite cement precipitated in the reservoir space was dated by the U-Pb radiometric technique, and the diagenesis-porosity evolution curves constrained by geochronology were established. The loss of reservoir porosity mainly occurred in the early Caledonian, during the peak period of hydrocarbon generation of Yuertusi Formation source rock, the reservoirs still maintained at a porosity of 6%-10%. The above understandings provide a certain basis for the evaluation of accumulation effectiveness of the Sinian Qigebrak Formation, northwestern Tarim Basin, and provide a case for the application of mapping and dating techniques in the study of ancient carbonate reservoirs.

Key words： U-Pb dating; mapping; Sinian Qigebrak Formation; northwestern Tarim Basin; carbonate; diagenetic environment; diagenesis-porosity evolution

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