油气勘探

湖相页岩滞留烃形成条件与富集模式——以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷古近系为例

  • 赵贤正 ,
  • 周立宏 ,
  • 蒲秀刚 ,
  • 金凤鸣 ,
  • 时战楠 ,
  • 韩文中 ,
  • 姜文亚 ,
  • 韩国猛 ,
  • 张伟 ,
  • 汪虎 ,
  • 马建英
展开
  • 中国石油大港油田公司,天津 300280
赵贤正(1962-),男,浙江义乌人,博士,李四光地质科学奖、孙越崎能源大奖获得者,中国石油大港油田公司教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气勘探与开发综合研究和管理工作。地址:天津市滨海新区大港油田三号院,中国石油大港油田公司,邮政编码:300280。E-mail:xzzhao@petrochina.com.cn

收稿日期: 2020-03-10

  修回日期: 2020-09-07

  网络出版日期: 2020-09-22

基金资助

中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技重大专项“陆相中高成熟度页岩油勘探开发关键技术研究与应用”(2019E-2601);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技重大专项“大港油区效益增储稳产关键技术研究与应用”(2018E-11)

Formation conditions and enrichment model of retained petroleum in lacustrine shale: A case study of the Paleogene in Huanghua depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China

  • ZHAO Xianzheng ,
  • ZHOU Lihong ,
  • PU Xiugang ,
  • JIN Fengming ,
  • SHI Zhannan ,
  • HAN Wenzhong ,
  • JIANG Wenya ,
  • HAN Guomeng ,
  • ZHANG Wei ,
  • WANG Hu ,
  • MA Jianying
Expand
  • PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company, Tianjin 300280, China

Received date: 2020-03-10

  Revised date: 2020-09-07

  Online published: 2020-09-22

摘要

湖相页岩层系与海相相比地质条件更加复杂,勘探开发难度更大,实现湖相页岩油效益勘探开发首先必须明确页岩滞留可动烃富集高产地质规律。以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷古近系孔二段和沙三段页岩层系为例,在前期上万块岩心样品分析联测基础上,结合最新的30余口已钻水平井的试油、试采和地球化学资料,对湖相页岩滞留可动烃富集条件及模式等进行了综合研究和分析。研究表明,适中的有机质丰度(TOC值为2%~4%)可使页岩层系含油性与脆性达到最佳匹配,既富集油又利于工程改造;古湖盆大小和物源供给强度的适中匹配是造成页岩层系有机质丰度与脆性矿物含量最佳耦合的内在因素;适中的热演化成熟度(Ro值为0.7%~1.0%,埋深为3 200~4 300 m)是页岩层系热演化生油与干酪根吸附油最佳匹配区间,该阶段滞留可动烃量大;适中的成岩演化阶段(中成岩A期3 200~4 300 m)利于形成大量的溶蚀孔、有机质孔等,为页岩油的富集提供储集空间;适中的天然裂缝发育程度(未破坏页岩油顶底板盖层条件)利于页岩油的储集、渗流与保存。该研究成果突破了有机质丰度高、成熟度高、天然裂缝发育程度高利于页岩油富集的笼统认识,指导了沧东凹陷孔二段及歧口凹陷沙河街组页岩油气甜点的综合评价及井位部署,沧东凹陷孔二段页岩油实现了工业化开发的重要突破,歧口凹陷沙三段页岩油获重要发现苗头,展示了湖相页岩油良好的勘探潜力。图12表3参47

本文引用格式

赵贤正 , 周立宏 , 蒲秀刚 , 金凤鸣 , 时战楠 , 韩文中 , 姜文亚 , 韩国猛 , 张伟 , 汪虎 , 马建英 . 湖相页岩滞留烃形成条件与富集模式——以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷古近系为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020 , 47(5) : 856 -869 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2020.05.02

Abstract

Compared with marine facies shale strata, lacustrine shale strata are more complicated in geological conditions, and thus more difficult to explore and develop. To realize economic exploration and development of lacustrine shale oil, the geological regularities of accumulation and high yield of retained movable petroleum in shale should be understood first. In this work, taking the shale strata of Kong 2 Member and Sha 3 Member in the Paleogene of Huanghua Depression in the Bohai Bay Basin as examples, based on the previous joint analysis results of over ten thousand core samples and the latest oil testing, production test and geochemical data of more than 30 horizontal wells, accumulation conditions and models of retained movable petroleum in lacustrine shale were studied comprehensively. The study shows that at moderate organic matter abundance (with TOC from 2% to 4%), shale strata have the best match between oil content and brittleness, and thus are rich in oil and good in fracability. Moderate ancient lake basin size and moderate sediment supply intensity are the internal factors leading to best coupling of organic matter abundance and brittle mineral content in the shale formation. Moderate thermal evolution maturity of Ro of 0.7%-1.0% (at burial depth of 3200 to 4300 m) is the interval where oil generation from thermal evolution and oil adsorption by kerogen in shale layers match best, and retained movable petroleum is high in proportion. Moderate diagenetic evolution stage (3200 to 4300 m in the middle diagenetic stage A) is conducive to the formation of a large number of dissolved pores and organic matter pores, which provide storage space for shale oil enrichment. Moderate development degree of natural fractures (without damaging the shale oil roof and floor sealing conditions) is conducive to the storage, seepage and preservation of shale oil. The research results have overthrown the general understanding that high organic matter abundance, high maturity, and high development degree of natural fractures are conducive to shale oil enrichment, and have guided the comprehensive evaluation of shale oil and gas sweet spots and well deployment in the second member of the Kongdian Formation in the Cangdong sag and the Shahejie Formation in the Qikou sag. Industrial development of the shale oil in Kong 2 Member of the Cangdong sag has made major breakthrough, and important signs of shale oil have been found in Sha 3 Member of the Qikou sag, demonstrating huge exploration potential of lacustrine shale oil.

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