石油勘探与开发 >

2020 , Vol. 47 >Issue 4: 819 - 828

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2020.04.19

新能源新领域

中国陆相页岩油发展潜力与技术对策

  • 胡素云 ,
  • 赵文智 ,
  • 侯连华 ,
  • 杨智 ,
  • 朱如凯 ,
  • 吴松涛 ,
  • 白斌 ,
  • 金旭
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  • 中国石油勘探开发研究院
胡素云（1963-）,男,湖南邵阳人,博士,中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师,主要从事石油地质综合研究与非常规油气方面研究。地址：北京市海淀区学院路20号910信箱,中国石油勘探开发研究院办公室,邮政编码：100083。E-mail：husy@petrochina.com.cn

收稿日期: 2019-09-20

  修回日期: 2020-03-11

  网络出版日期: 2020-07-20

基金资助

国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05046）; 中国石油天然气股份有限公司国际合作项目（2015D-4810-02）

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Development potential and technical strategy of continental shale oil in China

  • HU Suyun ,
  • ZHAO Wenzhi ,
  • HOU Lianhua ,
  • YANG Zhi ,
  • ZHU Rukai ,
  • WU Songtao ,
  • BAI Bin ,
  • JIN Xu
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  • Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China

Received date: 2019-09-20

  Revised date: 2020-03-11

  Online published: 2020-07-20

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摘要

陆相页岩油是埋藏300 m以深、Ro值大于0.5%的陆相富有机质页岩层系中赋存的液态烃和各类有机物的统称,是源岩油气的重要组成类型。以成熟度控制富有机质页岩生排油演化模式为依据,将陆相页岩油划分为中高成熟度和中低成熟度两种类型,研究发现中国陆相页岩层系：①发育淡水和咸水两类湖相优质烃源岩,存在碎屑岩、碳酸盐岩、混积岩、沉凝灰岩、泥页岩等多种类型储集层,形成多套近源或源内聚集的“甜点段”和大面积分布的“甜点区”,具规模资源基础。②富有机质页岩实验分析表明,波状和水平纹层状页岩具良好储集条件,页岩水平渗透率是垂向渗透率的数十倍—数百倍,利于源内页岩油横向规模运聚。③经评价,中高成熟度页岩油地质资源总量超过100×108 t,采用水平井体积压裂技术可以有效开发,是近期石油勘探现实领域;中低成熟度页岩油资源潜力大,初步评价技术可采资源量为（700~900）×108 t,是未来石油工业发展的战略性接替资源,需要原位转化等技术突破才能实现效益开发。陆相页岩油是中国陆上油气勘探从“源外”走向“源内”的必然选择,突破“甜点区”评价优选、水平井体积压裂工程技术以及原位转化技术装备等核心理论技术,是实现陆相页岩油规模效益发展的重要途径。图5表3参33

关键词： 陆相; 页岩油; 资源潜力; 甜点段; 甜点区; 关键技术; 源内勘探

本文引用格式

胡素云 , 赵文智 , 侯连华 , 杨智 , 朱如凯 , 吴松涛 , 白斌 , 金旭 . 中国陆相页岩油发展潜力与技术对策[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020 , 47(4) : 819 -828 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2020.04.19

Abstract

Continental shale oil is a general term for liquid hydrocarbons and many kinds of organic matter in continental organic-rich shale series with vitrinite reflectance of more than 0.5% at buried depth of more than 300 m, and is an important type of source-rock oil and gas. Based on the evolution model of oil generation and expulsion in organic-rich shale series controlled by maturity, continental shale oil is divided into two types: medium-high maturity and medium-low maturity. (1) The continental shale series in China develop high-quality source rocks of freshwater and saltwater lacustrine facies, as well as multiple types of reservoirs, including clastic rocks, carbonate rocks, diamictite, tuff and shale, forming a number of "sweet sections" and "sweet areas" of continuous distribution inside or near source rocks, which have large scale resources. (2) Experimental analysis of organic rich shale samples shows that the shale samples with wavy and horizontal beddings have good storage conditions, and the horizontal permeability of shale is tens to hundreds of times of its vertical permeability, which is conducive to the lateral migration and accumulation of shale oil in the source rocks. (3) After evaluation, the geological resources of medium-high maturity shale oil are about 10 billion tons, which can be effectively developed by horizontal drilling and volumetric fracturing, and will be a practical field of oil exploration in recent years. Shale oil with medium and low maturity has huge resource potential, and technological recoverable resources of (70-90) billion tons, making it a strategic alternative resource of oil industry. However, economic development of this type of shale oil needs in-situ conversion technology breakthroughs. Continental shale oil is an inevitable choice in the process of Chinese continental petroleum exploration from "outside source" to "inside source". Making breakthroughs in the core technologies such as "sweet area" evaluation and optimization, horizontal well volume fracturing and in-situ conversion technology and equipment is the key to realizing scale development of continental shale oil economically.

Key words： continental facies; shale oil; resource potential; sweet section; sweet area; key technologies; petroleum exploration inside source kitchen

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