石油勘探与开发 >

2020 , Vol. 47 >Issue 3: 608 - 616

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2020.03.17

石油工程

基于真三轴实验研究超稠油储集层压裂裂缝扩展规律

  • 林伯韬 ,
  • 史璨 ,
  • 庄丽 ,
  • 游红娟 ,
  • 黄勇
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  • 1. 中国石油大学（北京）油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 102249;
    2. 韩国建设技术研究院,高阳 10223,韩国;
    3. 中国石油新疆油田工程技术研究院,新疆克拉玛依 834000
林伯韬（1983-）,男,福建武平人,博士,中国石油大学（北京）石油工程学院教授,主要从事储集层地质力学以及石油工程岩石力学等方面研究工作。地址：北京市昌平区府学路18号,中国石油大学（北京）石油工程学院,邮政编码：102249。E-mail：linbotao@vip.163.com

收稿日期: 2019-08-13

  网络出版日期: 2020-05-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金“超稠油SAGD开采陆相含泥岩夹层油砂扩容机理及渗流评价研究”（51404281）

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Study on fracture propagation behavior in ultra-heavy oil reservoirs based on true triaxial experiments

  • LIN Botao ,
  • SHI Can ,
  • ZHUANG Li ,
  • YOU Hongjuan ,
  • HUANG Yong
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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
    2. Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea;
    3. Research Institute of Engineering Technology, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000, China

Received date: 2019-08-13

  Online published: 2020-05-19

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摘要

针对新疆风城油田超稠油储集层蒸汽辅助重力泄油（SAGD）开采注汽量大、预热周期长、产量低、局部资源无法开采的问题,基于超稠油储集层及夹层的岩石力学和孔渗特征,考虑压裂液排量、黏度、射孔密度和起裂位置的影响,开展真三轴水力压裂与CT扫描实验,研究在储集层和夹层中压裂微裂缝和宏观裂缝的扩展规律。实验发现,在超稠油储集层中压裂仅造成微裂缝发育,且微裂缝无法突破夹层;在夹层中压裂,施工排量越高（大于0.6 m3/min）,黏度越小,越易在夹层中形成宏观线性裂缝,且穿层至储集层中的裂缝延伸距离增加,增加射孔密度,可在储集层- 夹层互层中形成复杂的宏观线性裂缝网络。研究结果可为超稠油储集层压裂准确选层及夹层改造的施工参数优化提供指导。图12表4参34

关键词： 超稠油; SAGD; 泥岩夹层; 泥质夹层; 裂缝扩展; 真三轴实验

本文引用格式

林伯韬 , 史璨 , 庄丽 , 游红娟 , 黄勇 . 基于真三轴实验研究超稠油储集层压裂裂缝扩展规律[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020 , 47(3) : 608 -616 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2020.03.17

Abstract

As the ultra-heavy oil reservoirs developed by steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) in the Fengcheng oilfield, Xinjiang have problems such as huge steam usage, long preheating period, low production, and inaccessible reserve in local parts. Based on the rock mechanics and porosity/permeability characteristics of heavy oil reservoir and interlayer, a series of true triaxial experiments and CT tests considering the fracturing fluid injection rate, viscosity, perforation density and location of fracture initiation were conducted to disclose the propagation behavior of micro- and macro-fractures in the reservoirs and mudstone interlayers. These experiments show that fracturing in the heavy oil reservoirs only generates microfractures which can’t break the interlayer. In contrast, when fracturing in the interlayer, the higher the injection rate (greater than 0.6 m3/min), the lower the viscosity, the easier it is to form macro-fractures in the interlayers, and the further the fractures will propagate into the reservoirs. Also, increasing perforation density tends to create complex macro-fracture network in the interbedded reservoirs and mudstone interlayers. The findings of this study can provide scientific guidance for the selection of fracturing layer and the optimization of parameters in the interlayer fracturing of heavy oil reservoirs.

Key words： ultra-heavy oil; SAGD; mudstone interlayer; muddy interlayer; fracture propagation; true triaxial test

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