以大庆长垣油田储集层和流体为实验对象,利用检测分析和现代物理模拟技术,开展聚表剂驱提高采收率机理实验。研究表明,聚表剂的分子聚集性能、黏度性能和流动能力等与普通聚合物、聚合物-表面活性剂二元体系存在显著差异,聚表剂的分子线团尺寸更大,黏度及增黏性能更强,传输和运移能力较差。聚表剂溶液具备较好的增黏与黏度保持性能,同时拥有黏弹性与变形能力,可发挥增黏和黏弹性的积极作用;聚表剂可改善界面化学性质,降低油水界面张力,使储集层岩石的润湿性向亲水方向转变,同时可乳化原油形成相对稳定的水包油乳状液,在非超低界面张力条件下,乳化性能是提高洗油效率的重要特性。聚表剂驱扩大波及体积提高原油采收率机理表现为2个方面：微观上,聚表剂具有流度控制作用,可进入水驱未波及的含油孔隙驱替残余油,且流度控制作用对提高采收率的贡献远大于其洗油能力;宏观上,聚表剂具备乳化封堵能力,高渗透层位中水驱形成的优势通道被乳化封堵,注入流体转向进入渗流阻力较小的中低渗区,扩大波及体积。图24表6参13
于倩男
,
刘义坤
,
梁爽
,
谭帅
,
孙智
,
于洋
. 聚表剂驱提高采收率机理实验—以大庆长垣油田为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2019
, 46(6)
: 1138
-1147
.
DOI: 10.11698/PED.2019.06.11
Experiments on surface-active polymer flooding for enhanced oil recovery were carried out by detection analysis and modern physical simulation technique based on reservoirs and fluids in Daqing placanticline oilfield. The experimental results show that the surface-active polymer is different from other common polymers and polymer-surfactant systems in molecular aggregation, viscosity and flow capacity, and it has larger molecular coil size, higher viscosity and viscosifying capacity, and poorer mobility. The surface-active polymer solution has good performance of viscosity-increasing and viscosity retention, and has good performance of viscoelasticity and deformability to exert positive effects of viscosifying and viscoelastic properties. Surface-active polymer can change the chemical property of interface and reduce interfacial tension, making the reservoir rock turn water-wet, also it can emulsify the oil into relatively stable oil-in-water emulsion, and emulsification capacity is an important property to enhance oil washing efficiency under non-ultralow interfacial tension. The surface-active polymer flooding enlarges swept volume in two ways: Microscopically, the surface-active polymer has mobility control effect and can enter oil-bearing pores not swept by water to drive residual oil, and its mobility control effect has more contribution than oil washing capacity in enhancing oil recovery. Macroscopically, it has plugging capacity, and can emulsify and plug the dominant channels in layers with high permeability, forcing the injected fluid to enter the layer with medium or low permeability and low flow resistance, and thus enlarging swept volume.
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