塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏由大小不同、形态各异的缝洞体构成,与传统的层状陆相砂岩油藏、裂缝-孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏有本质不同。通过多年的研究和开发实践,基于碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏开发的地质特点、流动机理、缝洞体刻画技术和开发动用方式,创造性地提出了缝洞型油藏“体积开发”理念。构建了以缝洞单元体为研究对象,以缝洞体空间配置、储量大小为基础,按缝洞进行体积开发,逐“体”动用的思想,采用多种开发井型、多种工艺技术手段、多类型的注入介质,进行缝洞体全方位、全过程的体积开发与挖潜,改善了资源结构与产量结构,实现了塔河缝洞型油藏的高效开发。图4表1参19
Different from the continental layered sandstone and fracture-pore carbonate reservoirs, the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin are mainly composed of fractured-vuggy bodies of different sizes and shapes. Based on years of study on the geological features, flow mechanism, high-precision depiction and the mode of recovery of fractured-vuggy bodies, the idea of “volumetric development” is proposed and put into practice. Guided by the concept of volumetric development, the fractured-vuggy unit is treated as the research object, the "body-by-body" production methodology is established according to the fractured-vuggy body’s spatial allocation and reserves. A variety of development wells, various technological methods and multi-type injection media are used to develop this type of reservoirs in an all-round way. As a result, the structures of resource and production of the Tahe oilfield are significantly improved and a highly efficient development is achieved.
[1] 金毓荪, 隋新光. 陆相油藏开发论[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2006: 1-10.
JIN Yusun, SUI Xinguang.Terrestrial facies reservoir development theory[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2006: 1-10.
[2] 焦方正, 翟晓先. 海相碳酸盐岩非常规大油气田: 塔河油田勘探研究与实践[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2008.
JIAO Fangzheng, ZHAI Xiaoxian.An unconventional large oil and gasfield of marine carbonate rock: Exploration research and practice of Tahe oil-field[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2008.
[3] 康玉柱. 中国古生代海相油气田发现的回顾与启示[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2007, 28(5): 570-575.
KANG Yuzhu.Review and revelation of oil/gas discoveries in the Paleozoic marine strata of China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2007, 28(5): 570-575.
[4] 焦方正, 窦之林. 塔河碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏开发研究与实践[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2008: 6-22.
JIAO Fangzheng, DOU Zhilin.Development research and practice on fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oil field[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2008: 6-22.
[5] 翟晓先. 塔里木盆地塔河特大型油气田勘探实践与认识[J]. 石油实验地质, 2011, 33(4): 323-331.
ZHAI Xiaoxian.Exploration practice and experience of Tahe giant oil and gas field, Tarim Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2011, 33(4) : 323-331.
[6] 翟晓先. 塔河大油田新领域的勘探实践[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2006, 27(6): 751-761.
ZHAI Xiaoxian.Exploration practices in frontiers of Tahe oilfield[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2006, 27(6): 751-761.
[7] 漆立新. 塔里木盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩大油气田勘探实践与展望[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2014, 35(6): 771-780.
QI Lixin.Exploration practice and prospects of giant carbonate field in the Lower Paleozoic of Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2014, 35(6): 771-780.
[8] 漆立新. 塔里木盆地顺托果勒隆起奥陶系碳酸盐岩超深层油气突破及其意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016, 21(3): 39-51.
QI Lixin.Oil and gas breakthrough in ultra-deep Ordovician carbonate formations in Shuntuoguole uplift, Tarim Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(3): 39-51.
[9] 李阳, 吴胜和, 侯加根, 等. 油气藏开发地质研究进展与展望[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2017, 44(4): 569-579.
LI Yang, WU Shenghe, HOU Jiagen, et al.Progress and prospects of reservoir development geology[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2017, 44(4): 569-579.
[10] 鲁新便, 蔡忠贤. 缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏古溶洞系统与油气开发: 以塔河碳酸盐岩溶洞型油藏为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2010, 31(1): 22-27.
LU Xinbian, CAI Zhongxian.A study of the paleo-cavern system in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs and oil/gas development: Taking the reservoirs in Tahe oilfield as an example[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2010, 31(1): 22-27.
[11] 焦方正, 窦之林. 塔河油气田开发研究论文集[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2006.
JIAO Fangzheng, DOU Zhilin.Development research papers on Tahe oil-gas field[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2006.
[12] 窦之林. 塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏开发技术[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2012: 1-56.
DOU Zhilin.Development technology of carbonate fracture-cave reservoir in Tahe Oilfield[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2012: 1-56.
[13] 李阳, 康志江, 薛兆杰, 等. 中国碳酸盐岩油气藏开发理论与实践[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(4): 669-678.
LI Yang, KANG Zhijiang, XUE Zhaojie, et al.Theories and practices of carbonate reservoirs development in China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018, 45(4): 669-678.
[14] 漆立新, 顾汉明, 李宗杰, 等. 基于地震波振幅分辨塔河油田溶洞最小高度的理论探讨[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2008, 23(5): 1499-1506.
QI Lixin, GU Hanming, LI Zongjie, et al.Theoretical discussion on resolution of maximum height of cavity in the Tahe oilfield based on seismic amplitude[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2008, 23(5): 1499-1506.
[15] 李宗杰, 王勤聪. 塔北超深层碳酸盐岩储层预测方法和技术[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2002, 23(1): 35-40.
LI Zongjie, WANG Qincong.Method and technique for prediction of super-deep carbonate reservoirs in north Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2002, 23(1): 35-40.
[16] 焦方正. 塔里木盆地顺北特深碳酸盐岩断溶体油气藏发现意义与前景[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(2): 207-216.
JIAO Fangzheng.Significance and prospect of ultra-deep carbonate fault-karst reservoirs in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(2): 207-216.
[17] 鲁新便, 胡文革, 汪彦, 等. 塔河地区碳酸盐岩断溶体油藏特征与开发实践[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2015, 36(3): 347-356.
LU Xinbian, HU Wenge, WANG Yan, et al.Characteristics and development practice of fault-karst carbonate reservoirs in Tahe area, Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(3): 347-356.
[18] 周文, 李秀华, 金文辉, 等. 塔河奥陶系油藏断裂对古岩溶的控制作用[J]. 岩石学报, 2011, 27(8): 2339-2348.
ZHOU Wen, LI Xiuhua, JIN Wenhui, et al.The control action of fault to paleo-karst in view of Ordovician reservoir in Tahe area[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2011, 27(8): 2339-2348.
[19] 焦方正. 塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区北东向走滑断裂带的油气勘探意义[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2017, 38(5): 831-839.
JIAO Fangzheng.Significance of oil and gas exploration in NE strike-slip fault belts in Shuntuoguole area of Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(5): 831-839.
