石油勘探与开发 >

2018 , Vol. 45 >Issue 6: 1007 - 1019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2018.06.08

油气勘探

厚壳蛤滩沉积成岩特征及对储集层的控制作用——以伊拉克H油田白垩系Mishrif组为例

  • 余义常 ,
  • 孙龙德 ,
  • 宋新民 ,
  • 郭睿 ,
  • 高兴军 ,
  • 林敏捷 ,
  • 衣丽萍 ,
  • 韩海英 ,
  • 李峰峰 ,
  • 刘航宇
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  • 1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;
    2. 中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司,黑龙江大庆 163002;
    3. 北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京 100871
余义常（1991-）,男,湖北孝感人,中国石油勘探开发研究院博士研究生,主要从事碳酸盐岩开发地质研究。地址：北京市海淀区学院路20号,中国石油勘探开发研究院中东研究所,邮政编码：100083。Email：yuyichang@petrochina.com.cn.

收稿日期: 2018-05-23

  修回日期: 2018-07-23

  网络出版日期: 2018-10-09

基金资助

国家科技重大专项（2017ZX05030-001）; 中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技重大专项（2017D-4406）

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Sedimentary diagenesis of rudist shoal and its control on reservoirs: A case study of Cretaceous Mishrif Formation, H Oilfield, Iraq

  • YU Yichang ,
  • SUN Longde ,
  • SONG Xinmin ,
  • GUO Rui ,
  • GAO Xingjun ,
  • LIN Minjie ,
  • YI Liping ,
  • HAN Haiying ,
  • LI Fengfeng ,
  • LIU Hangyu
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  • 1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;
    2. Daqing Oilfield Co. Ltd., PetroChina, Daqing 163002, China;
    3. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received date: 2018-05-23

  Revised date: 2018-07-23

  Online published: 2018-10-09

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摘要

综合利用岩心、铸体薄片、全岩分析、常规物性及高压压汞测试等资料,研究伊拉克H油田白垩系Mishrif组厚壳蛤滩沉积成岩特征及对储集层的控制作用。Mishrif组厚壳蛤滩在高位体系域发育,分布于水动力强的台地边缘古地貌高处。根据相对海平面变化、厚壳蛤滩的岩性演化和沉积构造特征,将单个完整厚壳蛤滩划分为A、B、C、D共4个岩性段。A段为低角度交错的似球粒-厚壳蛤泥粒灰岩,B段为低角度交错及平行层理的砂屑-厚壳蛤颗粒灰岩,C段为平行层理的厚壳蛤砾屑灰岩,D段为水平层理的炭质泥岩。单滩体完整沉积序列多受到破坏,多个单滩体叠置形成厚壳蛤滩体,单滩体厚度和岩性组合纵向上呈规律变化。厚壳蛤滩成岩作用具有“强溶蚀、弱胶结、较强压实”的特征,形成了以粒间孔、粒间溶孔和铸模孔为主,含溶蚀孔洞的孔隙型储集层,且以大于5 μm的粗孔喉为主,为中高孔、高渗储集层。单滩体内部及单滩体之间存在岩性反韵律,从下至上泥晶含量降低、溶蚀增强、胶结减弱、孔喉变大、物性变好。处于高位体系域顶部的MB2-1小层厚壳蛤滩的厚度最大,大气淡水淋滤更为充分,溶蚀最为显著,孔喉最大,是Mishrif组最优质的储集层。图13表1参32

关键词： 伊拉克; 白垩系; 厚壳蛤滩; 沉积过程; 成岩演化; 储集层特征

本文引用格式

余义常 , 孙龙德 , 宋新民 , 郭睿 , 高兴军 , 林敏捷 , 衣丽萍 , 韩海英 , 李峰峰 , 刘航宇 . 厚壳蛤滩沉积成岩特征及对储集层的控制作用——以伊拉克H油田白垩系Mishrif组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018 , 45(6) : 1007 -1019 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2018.06.08

Abstract

Based on the core, cast thin section, whole rock analysis, conventional physical properties and high pressure mercury intrusion test, the sedimentary diagenesis characteristics of rudist shoal in Cretaceous Mishrif Formation of H Oilfield, Iraq and its control on the reservoir were studied. The rudist shoal of the Mishrif Formation develops in the high-stand systems tract and is distributed in the high places of paleogeomorphology on the edge of platform with strong hydrodynamic force. According to the relative sea level changes, lithologic evolution and sedimentary structure characteristics of the rudist shoal, the single rudist shoal is divided into four lithologic sections: A, B, C and D, that is, low-angle cross-bedding pelletoids-rudist packstone, low-angle cross-bedding and parallel bedding arene-rudist grainstone, parallel bedding rudist gravel limestone, and horizontal bedding carbonaceous mudstone. The complete sedimentary sequence of a single rudist shoal is often disrupted. Several rudist shoals superimpose to form thick rudist shoal sediment. The single rudist shoal thickness and lithologic sections assemblage change regularly in vertical direction. The rudist shoal has the characteristics of “strong dissolution, weak cementation and strong compaction”, forming pore-type reservoir with intergranular pores, intergranular dissolved pores, mold pores, and dissolved pores. With mainly coarse pore throats larger than 5 μm, the reservoir is of medium-high porosity and high permeability. There is lithological reverse cycles inside single shoals and between single shoals, with content of mud crystals decreasing from the bottom to the top, dissolution increasing, cementation decreasing in strength, pore throats getting larger, and physical properties turning better. The rudist shoal of MB2-1 at the top of the high-stand system tract has the largest thickness, moreover, subject to the strongest atmospheric freshwater leaching, this layer has the most significant dissolution and the largest pore throat, so it is the best reservoir of the Mishrif Formation.

Key words： Iraq; Cretaceous; rudist shoal; sedimentary process; diagenetic evolution; reservoir characteristics

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