石油勘探与开发 >

2018 , Vol. 45 >Issue 3: 415 - 425

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.2018.03.06

油气勘探

塔里木盆地寒武系碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用机理模拟实验

  • 彭军 ,
  • 王雪龙 ,
  • 韩浩东 ,
  • 尹申 ,
  • 夏青松 ,
  • 李斌
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  • 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,成都 610500
彭军（1968-）,男,四川仁寿人,博士,西南石油大学教授,从事沉积学、储集层地质学及层序地层学研究。地址：四川省成都市新都区新都大道8号,西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,邮政编码：610500。E-mail：pengjun@swpu.edu.cn;王雪龙（1992-）,男,四川仁寿人,西南石油大学在读硕士研究生,从事储集层地质学方面研究。地址：四川省成都市新都区新都大道8号,西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,邮政编码：610500。E-mail：839341626@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-09-10

  修回日期: 2018-04-13

  网络出版日期: 2018-04-11

基金资助

国家“十三五”油气重大专项（2016ZX05005-004-006）

收起

Simulation for the dissolution mechanism of Cambrian carbonate rocks in Tarim Basin, NW China

  • PENG Jun ,
  • WANG Xuelong ,
  • HAN Haodong ,
  • YIN Shen ,
  • XIA Qingsong ,
  • LI Bin
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  • School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China

Received date: 2017-09-10

  Revised date: 2018-04-13

  Online published: 2018-04-11

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摘要

以岩心柱样为实验样品,通过酸性流体渗流方式进行溶蚀模拟实验,模拟地层埋藏演化过程中的溶蚀作用,以分析塔里木盆地寒武系碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用特征及控制因素。研究表明：塔里木盆地寒武系碳酸盐岩的矿物成分及储集空间类型控制选择性溶蚀,方解石含量高的过渡型碳酸盐岩中方解石易优先溶蚀形成次生孔洞,而碳酸盐岩中的石膏、硬石膏在同生期、准同生期易溶蚀形成膏模孔。孔隙型碳酸盐岩以基质孔隙的扩溶为主,溶蚀后孔隙度、渗透率相应增加,但增幅不明显;裂缝型碳酸盐岩或者高压下形成裂缝的孔隙型碳酸盐岩易形成流体运移的优势通道,导致溶蚀量相对减少,但极大地提高了渗透率。随着温压的增加,酸性流体对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀能力先增强后减弱,存在最佳溶蚀温压范围,对应于寒武系的2 250~3 750 m埋深段。结合研究区储集层特征,认为准同生期方解石是溶蚀孔洞发育的物质基础,以早期大气淡水溶蚀为主,埋藏条件下受与有机质热演化有关的酸性流体、深部热流体等多种酸性流体溶蚀叠加改造形成规模优质储集层。图9表3参30

关键词： 塔里木盆地; 寒武系; 碳酸盐岩; 溶蚀作用; 溶蚀机理; 模拟实验

本文引用格式

彭军 , 王雪龙 , 韩浩东 , 尹申 , 夏青松 , 李斌 . 塔里木盆地寒武系碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用机理模拟实验[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018 , 45(3) : 415 -425 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.2018.03.06

Abstract

Carbonate dissolution during the process of burial and evolution by percolating acid fluid was simulated using core plugs to analyze the characteristics and controlling factors of Cambrian carbonate rock dissolution in the Tarim Basin. The results showed that mineral composition and reservoir space type control selective dissolution. In the carbonate rock strata with high calcite content, the calcite is likely to dissolve first to form secondary dissolution pores; gypsum and anhydrite in the carbonate rock can be dissolved to form mold pores in contemporaneous and penecontemporaneous stages. Porous carbonate has mainly enlargement of matrix pores, with porosity and permeability increasing correspondingly, but not obviously. In comparison, dominant channels for fluid are likely to occur in fractured carbonate or porous carbonate forming cracks under high pressure, resulting in a relative reduction in the dissolution volume, but great increase of permeability. With the rise of temperature and pressure, corrosion ability of acid fluid to carbonate increases first and then decreases, there exists an optimum range of temperature and pressure for dissolution, which corresponds to the buried depth of 2 250-3 750 m of the Cambrian. Considering reservoir characteristics of the study area, it is concluded that calcite in the penecontemporaneous period is the material basis for the development of dissolution pore, and carbonate rocks were mainly dissolved by early atmospheric fresh water, superimposed and reformed to form high quality reservoirs by multiple acid fluids including deep heat fluid and acid fluid generated during the process of organic thermal evolution under burial depth condition.

Key words： Tarim Basin; Cambrian; carbonate rock; dissolution; dissolution mechanism; simulation experiment

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