Nine sets of sand-box experiments were designed according to actual geologic data to investigate the evolution pattern and development mechanism of simple shear strike-slip fault zone using the fault CT scanning technique. The experiment results show that R (Riedel) shear faults were developed early and more in number, and one set of these faults intersect with the principle displacement zone (PDZ) at lower angle; the P shear faults (being in symmetrical distribution with the R shear faults) and Y shear faults (subparallel to PDZ) were developed later than the R shear faults, and the fault zone was through-going only after the formation of Y shear faults. The through-going process of strike-slip fault zone can be divided into four stages: embryonic stage, R (Riedel) shear fault development stage, P shear fault and Y shear fault development stage, and through-going stage of fault zone. In the process, the faults developed progressively from the basement to the top cover, the faults spread upward in the profile at embryonic stage, and spread outward at first and then converged toward the PDZ on the plane at R shear faults development stage. The modeling demonstrates that the en echelon structure developed in “helicoidally drag” pattern, the length of the en echelon fault grew linearly at two times the growth rate of its depth, and the fault intersection angle with the PDZ decreased in quadratic function with the increase of its depth. The analysis reveals that cover thickness and the maximum principal stress direction are the main factors causing the difference in “helicoidally drag” structure. The modeling provides guidance for the strike-slip fault interpretation and evolution study, and for layering and segmentation of faults in the marine carbonates of the Tarim Basin.
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